Please help me answer the following questions: 1.) Explain why the first step of

Question

Please help me answer the following questions: 1.) Explain why the first step of lipid digestion is known as a physical breakdown? 2.) write the two equation for lipid digestion: Physical breakdown: Enzymatic breakdown: 3.) all cells need to supply of: All cells need to discard: 4.) capillaries and alveoli made up of only one layer of epithelial cells. Why? 5.) explain how concentration gradient determines the flow of o2 and co2? 6.)write the equations that show the steps in releasing carbon dioxide from pulmonary capillaries into alveolar space. 7.) how does this process affect the ph of the blood? 8.) list the components that will filter out into the nephron? 9.) list 3 functions of liver? Please help me answer the following questions: 1.) Explain why the first step of lipid digestion is known as a physical breakdown? 2.) write the two equation for lipid digestion: Physical breakdown: Enzymatic breakdown: 3.) all cells need to supply of: All cells need to discard: 4.) capillaries and alveoli made up of only one layer of epithelial cells. Why? 5.) explain how concentration gradient determines the flow of o2 and co2? 6.)write the equations that show the steps in releasing carbon dioxide from pulmonary capillaries into alveolar space. 7.) how does this process affect the ph of the blood? 8.) list the components that will filter out into the nephron? 9.) list 3 functions of liver? 1.) Explain why the first step of lipid digestion is known as a physical breakdown? 2.) write the two equation for lipid digestion: Physical breakdown: Enzymatic breakdown: 3.) all cells need to supply of: All cells need to discard: 4.) capillaries and alveoli made up of only one layer of epithelial cells. Why? 5.) explain how concentration gradient determines the flow of o2 and co2? 6.)write the equations that show the steps in releasing carbon dioxide from pulmonary capillaries into alveolar space. 7.) how does this process affect the ph of the blood? 8.) list the components that will filter out into the nephron? 9.) list 3 functions of liver?

Explanation / Answer

1. Physical breakdown of lipids happens in the mouth where food is broken into small particles and mixed with lingual lipase. The breaking down of food into small pieces where the first step of lipase digestion starts.

2.

Physical breakdown: Food ------> Food particles (physically chopped by teeth)

Enzymatic breakdown: Food particles --------> Lipids (Enzymatically cleaved to lipids by lipases)

3. All the cells need the supply of sugars which give necessary energy for performing all the activities.

All the cells need to discard the waste materials from the cells after the process is done.

4. The single layer of epithelial cells facilitates the easy passage of small molecules across the epithelium. In the arteries, the single layer allows easy exchange of nutrients and oxygen into the body tissues and at the same time the outflow of waste products.

5. The alveolar partial oxygen pressure is higher in the alveoli than blood oxygen pressure. Since the pressure gradient exists, oxygen can diffuse down its pressure gradient, moving out of the alveoli and entering the blood of the capillaries. Similarly, alveolar partial CO2 is lower than blood partial CO2. Due to this gradient, CO2 diffuses down its pressure gradient moving out of the capillaries and entering alveoli.

6. Blood plasma H+ + HCO3- ----------> H2CO3 -----------> CO2 + H2O Alveoli

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