all four alcohols had 2.0mL of the HCL-ZnCl2 reagent added to each test tube. pl

Question

all four alcohols had 2.0mL of the HCL-ZnCl2 reagent added to each test tube. please check my first question and all the alcohols used in the experiment are in that first question to answer question 2 where I Need help on.

Minilab 23 Report Sheet Draw the structures of the four alcohols we used. Give their common names and IUPAC names. Identify them as primary, secondary or tertiary. What conditions are we setting up: SN1/E1 or SN2/E2? Consider the factors that affect SN1/E1 vs SN2/E2 . Structure of the substrate Nature of the leaving group Concentration/strength of the base/nucleophile Nature of the solvent

Explanation / Answer

All the structures are correct.

2nd Part:

In general, the factor which favours SN1 is also favouring E1 mechanism and the factor favouring SN2 will also favour E2 mechanism. So, there is a competiotion between SN1 and E1 and SN2 and E2.

1. Structure:

For SN1 and E1, order for reactivity of alcohols: primary < secondary < tertiary

Because this is the stability order for carocations

For SN2 and E2, order for reactivity of alcohols: primary > secondary > tertiary

2. Nature of leaving group:

In all these reactions always a better leaving group will give faster reaction conversion.

3. Concentration/strength of base/nuclephile:

For SN1 and E1 there is no effect of concentration of nucleophile (for SN1) or base (for E1) because this reaction is going through a carbocation intrmediate.

For SN2 and E2 stronger the nucleophile/base faster the reaction.

Nature of solvent:

Polar aprotic solvent will favour SN2 and E2 reactions whereas polar protic solvent will favour SN1 and E1 reactions (because they can stabilize the carbocation intermediate in a better way).

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