1. In general males of a species select females on the basis of their ability to
ID: 100480 • Letter: 1
Question
1. In general males of a species select females on the basis of their ability to produce offspring.
2. Over many generations, two species relying on the same resources in the same environment can diverge to occupy different niches. This is possible when one of the species undergoes character displacement.
3. Parasites take advantage of their hosts, but limit the impact so that their host will survive for long periods
4. Populations grow due to births and decrease due to deaths.
5. Survivorship curves can distinguish populations on the basis of changes in the probability
of dying in relation to age.
6. The instantaneous growth rate of a population is expressed "per capita"- or per
individual. When r = 0, per capita growth rate equals per capita death rate and
population size does not change.
7. When communities are disturbed, the first changes are termed primary succession, followed by secondary succession.
8. When discussing the proximate reasons for a behaviour, a researcher is commenting specifically about the local conditions that trigger a response.
9. A persistent organic pollutants (POP) accumulates in the food chain because consumers eat primary producers which possess the POP.
10. An ecosystem is composed of four components: environment, plants, animals, and single celled organisms.
Explanation / Answer
1. In most of the species the males have developed many ornaments to attract their mate. While selecting the female partners, the males look for a healthy, and adult female, which is able to give birth to maximum number of healthy young ones.
2. The competitive exclusion principle also called as Gause's Principle, states that when two species compete for exactly the same resource one is likely to become more successful. As a result one species outcompetes and the other will be eliminated. No two species can sustain coexistence if they occupy the same niche.
Resource partitioning occurs when two species coexist inspite of appetent competition for the same resources. Close study will reveal that they actually occupy slightly different niches.
3. Parasites are the organisms which depends upon other plants for both food and shelter. Usually although parasites harm their host, it is in the parasites's best interest not to kill the host, because it relies on the hosts body and body functions such as digestion or blood circulation to live.
4. Population growth is the increase in the number of individuals in a population. Growth is usually thought of as a linear process: an increase by a constant amount over a period of time.
Population growth= birth rate - death rate
Hence population grows due to births and decrease due to deaths.
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