1. For the following sequence of nucleotides in DNA indicate: • The order of bas
ID: 10073 • Letter: 1
Question
1. For the following sequence of nucleotides in DNA indicate:
• The order of bases in the plus strand of DNA and the order in which the bases would be added to the plus strand of DNA
• The order of bases in the mRNA that would be built off of this segment of DNA and the order in which those bases would be added
• Use the codon chart from your book pg 315. List the amino acids in order in the polypeptides that would be synthesized on this mRNA chain. Indicate the order in which the amino acids would be added to the polypeptide
• List the anticodon for each of the codons that you identified.
Minus strand DNA 3’TACACAGGGTTCTACATC 5’
Plus strand DNA ______________________
mRNA (contains codons) ______________________
Amino acids ______________________
tRNA (anticodons) _______________________
Which of the anticodons would not be found on a tRNA? (This is sort of a trick question so think hard.) _____________________________________
Explanation / Answer
To make the plus strand, just find the bases that are complementary to the bases in the minus strand: (-) strand: 3' TACACAGGGTTCTACATC 5' (+) strand: 5' ATGTGTCCCAAGATGTAG 3' To make mRNA, RNA polymerase binds to the (-) strand and add complementary nucleotides: (-) strand: 3' TACACAGGGTTCTACATC 5' mRNA: 5' AUGUGUCCCAAGAUGUAG 3' Look at the codon table in your textbook to find the amino acids that correspond to the codons: 5' Met(start)-Cys-Pro-Lys-Met-STOP 3' To find the tRNA anticodons, look at the codon one-at-a-time: '5 AUG....3' 3' UAC....5' Since we report everything 5' to 3', we call this anticodon CAU. Each anticodon corresponds to a complementary codon on mRNA. Every codon must have a complementary anticodon so that an amino acid can be added to the growing polypeptide during translation. The only time awe have a codon but no addition of an amino acid is in the case of a stop codon. When the ribosome comes across a stop codon, there is NO corresponding tRNA to bind to the mRNA. The three stop codons, UGA, UAG and UAA have no anticodon. 5' UGA 3' --------> UCA 5' UAG 3' --------> CUA 5' UAA 3' --------> UUA
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