Heart circuits a. List the two circuits of the heart. b. Which side of the heart

Question

Heart circuits a. List the two circuits of the heart. b. Which side of the heart is the pulmonary circuit and systemic circuit c. Where is blood going/returning for each circuit? d. Provide the oxygen and carbon dioxide levels (low/high) for each circuit. Trace the pathway of blood through the heart. Be sure to include all chambers, valves, and blood vessels along the route. In general, describe the structural properties of cardiac muscle Describe the structure and function of the intercalated disc. What two structures allow the heart to act as a functional syncytium? What is the purpose and advantage of cardiac cells having a higher percentage of mitochondria? List the two types of cardiac muscle cells. Cardiac contractile cells. a. Where are they located in the heart? b. What is the function of these cells in the heart? c. Draw an action potential of the contractile cells. d. Label the phases and the ion movement responsible for each phase. Cardiac autorhythmic cells a. Where are they located in the heart? b. What is the function of these cells in the heart? c. Draw an action potential of the autorhythmic cells. d. Label the phases and the ion movement responsible for each phase. e. Compare and contrast an action potential for a contractile and autorhythmic cell. Intrinsic conduction system a. What is the intrinsic conduction system? b. Trace the components of conduction pathway from start to end?

Explanation / Answer

Ans-7-a- the two circuits are- pulmonary circuit and systemic circuit

Ans-7-b- right side of heart is pulmonary circuit and left side of heart is systemic circuit.

Ans-7-c- in pulmonary circuit the blood goes from the right ventricle to lungs and return to left atria and then ventricle.

In systemic circuit blood goes from left ventricle to the tissues and then it return to heart from tissues.

Ans-7-d- the level of co2 and o2 in pulmonary circuit are 40 and 105 respectively and systemic circuit it is 36 and 95 for co2 and o2 respectively.

Ans-8-in pulmonary circuit the blood is collected in right atria through the superior and inferior venae cavea. From right atrium it goes to right ventricle through tricuspid valve . From here it goes to lungs for oxygenation via pulmonary artery. A pulmonary valve is present at the border of pulmonary artery toward heart. In lungs blood is oxygenated in capillaries and alveoli. From here it return to left atria via pulmonary veins.

In systemic circuit

The blood from the left atria goes to left ventricle through mitral valve and from here it goes to aorta through aortic valve. Now aorta splits into arteries,artrieols and finally in capillaries which provide oxygenated blood to tissue. The tissue consume the oxygen and return the blood to vein through capillaries and now this deoxygenated blood reaches to venae cavea and again pulmonary circuit starts.

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