Chemicals, secreted by soil fungi which inhibit the growth of bacteria, are know

Question

Chemicals, secreted by soil fungi which inhibit the growth of bacteria, are known as _____. A) antigens B) hallucinogens C) aflatoxins D) antibodies E) antibiotics Some researchers have begun attempting to clean up oil spills by adding nonindigenous microbial hydrocarbon degraders to the spill, in the hope that these bacteria will neutralize the dangerous chemicals in the spill. This is an example of _____. A) use of extremophiles for cleanup of organic solvents B) seeding C) production of a new antibiotic D) bioremediation via fertilization A prokaryote that obtains energy from light is a(n) _____. A) heterotroph and chemotroph B) chemotroph C) autotroph phototroph, and chemotroph D) phototroph E) autotroph and phototroph Imagine that you are given some chemoorganotrophic bacteria to grow What should you use as a source of energy for this type of bacteria? A) light B) methane C) hydrogen sulfide D) sugar E) ammonia When a mosquito infected with Plasmodium first bites a human, the Plasmodium ______. A) Cells infect the human liver cells B) cells cause lysing of the human red blood cells C) gametes fuse, forming an oocyst D) oocyst undergoes meiosis Protists from which of the following taxonomic groups are most likely to lead to paralytic shellfish poisoning? A) Euglena B) Giardia C) Dinoflagellata D) Plasmodium E) Toroplasma Protists and bacteria are grouped into different domains because _____. A) protists eat bacteria B) protists have a membrane-bounded nucleus, which bacterial cells lack C) bacteria are not made of cells D) bacteria decompose protists E) protists are photosynthetic

Explanation / Answer

59. E. Antibiotics

Explanation: Antibiotics create a zone of inhibition that inhibits bacterial growth.Depending on how effective the antibiotic is the size of the zone of inhibition increases or decreases.

60. D. Bioremediation via fertilization

Explanation:Bioremediation is the process by which organisms areused to treat sites taht are contaminated with pollutants. The microorganisms are used breakdown the pollutant or toxic substance (in this case oil) into relatively less toxic or non-hazardous substances.Microorganisms that are used in bioremediation are known as bioremediators.

61. D Phototroph

Explanation: Phototrophs are organisms that utilize sunlight as their nutritional source to synthesize organic compounds for their sustainance.

62. D. Sugar

Explanation: Chemoheterotrophic bacteria are unable to synthesize or produce their own organic molecules and are only able to grow and proliferate in environments that sustain other life forms due to their dependence on these organisms for carbon sources.They are the most abundant type of chemotrophic organisms and a majority of bacteria belong to this group.

63. A. Cells infect the human liver cells

Explanation: When a human is bitten by a mosquito, the mosquito transfers the parasite (in this case Plasmodium from its saliva. After infecting the human host, the parasites, in sporozoites form,enters the bloodstream and into the liver thus invading the liver cells.Over a period of two to three weeks the sporozoites grow and divide in the livercells giving rise to tens of thousands of merozoites per liver cell.

64.C.Dinoflagellata

Explanation:Paralytic shellfish poisoning is developed by consumption of contaminated shellfish. These shellfish get infected by dinoflagellata which are unicellular and develop algal blooms.Dinoflagellata are known to produce more than 12 types of toxins which do not necessarily harm the shellfish themselves but are highly toxic when consumed b man.

65. B. Protists have a membrane-bounded nucleus, which bacterial cells lack

Explanation: Protists are more complex because of their mmbrane bound nucleus and are eukaryotes while bacteria are unicellular organisms lacking proper nucleus and membrane bound organelles and are prokaryotes. Hence they are classified into different domains

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