32. How is the liquid (temperature) range of a solvent changed by the addition o

Question

32. How is the liquid (temperature) range of a solvent changed by the addition of a nonvolatile solute?

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Question 331 pts

33. What is the vapor pressure of an aqueous 1.50 m calcium nitrate, Ca(NO3)2, solution at 30°C. The vapor pressure of pure water at 30°C is 29.5 torr.

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Question 341 pts

34. What is the value of i for a 2.5 m aqueous solution of acetic acid which has a freezing point of –6.05°C? The Kf of water is 1.86°C/m.

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Question 351 pts

35. What is the vapor pressure of an aqueous solution of the nonelectrolyte ethylene glycol in water at 25°C if its normal boiling point is 101.8°C?. The Kbfor water is 0.52°C/m and the vapor pressure of water at 25°C is 23.8 torr.

Explanation / Answer

32) For a liquid if you add non volatile solute then the particles of solvent surrounded the solute particles and they require more energy to vapourise. so temperature range of liquid will be increase.
33) p0 - p/p0 = n1/n1+n2
(29.5 - p)/29.5 = 1.5/(1.5 + ((1000 - (1.5*164.1))/18))
p = 28.4 torr
34) T0 - Tf = i * Kf * m
(0 - (-6.05)) = i * 1.86 * 2.5
i = 1.30711
35) Tb - T = i * Kb * m
101.5 - 100 = 1 * 0.52 * m
m = 2.885
p0 - p/p0 = n1/n1+n2
(23.8 - p)/23.8 = 2.885/(2.885+((1000 - 2.885*60)/18))
p = 22.4 torr

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