I need help to explain how the disease Escherichia coli H7: O157 variant, hemorr

Question

I need help to explain how the disease Escherichia coli H7: O157 variant, hemorrhagic Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) interferes with normal pathophysiology, describe which populations (race and socioeconomic class) are most at risk for developing the disease, and describe the significance of the disease within the community. I need to describe at least two current treatment trends commonly used in the management of the disease and analyze the effectiveness of these treatments based on evidence -based research. I understand the basics but really need to understand how this pathogen gets into the cell. Thank you for any help you can offer.

Explanation / Answer

Escherichia coli H7:0157 variant, hemorrhagic shiga toxin producing Escherichia coli (ETEC) is also known as verocytotoxin producing Escherichia coli (VTEC) or enterohaemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC). The organism is spread mainly by faeco oral transmission. The pathogenesis is masinly because of the toxin it produces, the shiga toxin. The toxin contains stx-2, A and B subunits. The B subunit binds to the receptors on cell membrane and facilitate endocytosis of A subunit. The A subunit along with stx-2 that targets 28sRNA inhibiting protein synthesis. The stx-2 receptors are found in intestinal cells and also in kidneys. The organism causes hemolytic uremic syndrome when kidneys are affected.

The organism affects almost all groups but young children and elderly are more susceptible to the infection. Since, the spread is by faeco oral transmission, conditions associated with poor hygiene like low socioeconomic status are commonly affected. The disease caused severe bloody diarrhea, muscular cramps and fever. The treatment includes correction of fluid balance. Antibiotics are contraindicated in this disease as it increases the risk of hemolytic uremic syndrome.

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