RESULTS: Exercise 1: Qualitative Anion Tests Data Table 1. Anion Confirmation Te
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Question
RESULTS:
Exercise 1: Qualitative Anion Tests
Data Table 1. Anion Confirmation Tests.
Chemical
Anion
Addition of AgNO3
Addition of HCl
NaBr
Bromide
It became white and cloudy
Still was white and cloudy
Na2CO3
Carbonate
Clear inside white and cloudy around the outside
Still white and cloudy but bubbles start to form.
NaCl
Chloride
Turn white cloudy on bottom clear on top
Still white cloudy on bottom clear on top
NaI
Iodide
In the middle very dark and cloudy fades out lighter white around the middle
Became a little seperate
Na2SO4
Sulfate
clear
Became white and cloudy
Na2S
Sulfide
Turn a brown color in the middle but separated from the clear
The brown becomes more separate from the clear
Unknown #103
carbonate
White and cloudy
White and cloudy bubbles form
Unknown #104
sulfide
Turn brown color in the middle
Some of the brown disappeared and became seperate
Use your results and observations in Data Table 1 to create a flow chart for identification of unknown anions, using the AgNO3 and HCl confirmation tests. Insert the flow chart below.
Data Table 2. Cation Flame Tests.
Chemical
Cation
Flame Observations
KI
Potassium
light pink
CaCl2
Calcium
Red
LiOH
Lithium
Dark pink
NaCl
Sodium
Orange
Cu(NO3)2
Copper
Light blue
Unknown #105
copper
Light blue
Unknown #106
potassium
Light pink
Unknown #107
calcium
red
Data Table 3. Complete Chemical Identification.
Chemical
Cation
Anion Test Observations
Anion
Complete Chemical Name and Formula
Unknown #105
copper
No change
No3^2-
Copper nitrate
Unknown #106
potassium
Dark in the middle and fades lighter
l-
Potassium iodide
Unknown #107
calcium
Turn white and clouy
Cl-
Calcium chloride
Use your results and observations in Data Tables 1, 2, and 3, to create a flow chart for the identification of an unknown (both an unknown anion and cation), using the AgNO3 and HCl confirmation tests and the cation flame tests.
Chemical
Anion
Addition of AgNO3
Addition of HCl
NaBr
Bromide
It became white and cloudy
Still was white and cloudy
Na2CO3
Carbonate
Clear inside white and cloudy around the outside
Still white and cloudy but bubbles start to form.
NaCl
Chloride
Turn white cloudy on bottom clear on top
Still white cloudy on bottom clear on top
NaI
Iodide
In the middle very dark and cloudy fades out lighter white around the middle
Became a little seperate
Na2SO4
Sulfate
clear
Became white and cloudy
Na2S
Sulfide
Turn a brown color in the middle but separated from the clear
The brown becomes more separate from the clear
Unknown #103
carbonate
White and cloudy
White and cloudy bubbles form
Unknown #104
sulfide
Turn brown color in the middle
Some of the brown disappeared and became seperate
Explanation / Answer
As given in the tables and data
Unkown 103
(i) Unkown anion : It is becomes white and cloudy on addition of AgNO3 and bubbles are formed on addition of HCl so it must be carbonate.
Unkown 104
(i) unkown anion: Turn brown color in the middle on additon of AgNO3 : it must be bromide ion
Cation flame tes
(i) Unkown 105: Light blue colour so must be copper ion
Unknown 106 :Light pink so must be potassium cation
Unkown 107 : Red colour so must be Calcium ion
(ii) for anion
Unkown 105 : No change on addition of AgNO3 : so the anion must be nitrate ion
So the salt is Cu(NO3)2
Unkown 106: Dark in the middle and fades lighter: so must be iodide ion
The salt will be
KI
Unknown 107 : Turn white and cloudy: chloride ion
so the salt is CaCl2
The flow chart will be
Step 1: Addition of AgNO3 to three unkown
a) White ppt forms with 107 so : Chloride ion is present
b) Dark in the middle and fades lighter: Iodide ion is present
c) No change:Nitrate ion is present
Flame test
(i) Red colour For 107 : Calcium ion is present
(ii) light pink for 106 : K+ is present
(iii) Light blue for 105: Copper ion is present
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