Which reaction has the highest potential under standard conditions? (A) Pb(s) +
ID: 1022150 • Letter: W
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Which reaction has the highest potential under standard conditions? (A) Pb(s) + Br_2 (aq) rightarrow products (B) Sn^4+ (aq) + Pb(s) rightarrow products (C) Br^- (aq) + Sn^4+ (aq) rightarrow products (D) Pb^2+ (aq) + Sn^4+ (aq) rightarrow products Which statement best describes general equilibrium? (A) Equilibrium is reached when the reaction stops. (B) There is only one set of equilibrium concentrations that equals the K_e value. (C) At equilibrium, the rate of the forward reaction is the same as the rate of the forward reaction is the same as the rate of the reverse reaction. (D) At equilibrium, the total concentration of products equals the total concentrations of reactants. Consider the equilibrium reactions: 2SO_2 (g) + O_2 (g) 2SO_3 (g) K_1 2CO(g) 2CO_2 (g) K_2 What is the equilibrium constant, K, for this reaction? 2SO_2 (g) + 2CO_2 (g) 2SO_3 (g) 2CO(g) (A) K = K_1/K_2 (B) K = K_2/K_1 (C) K = K_1 times K_2 (D) K = K_1 + 1/K_2 The photosynthetic conversion of CO_2 to O_2 can be represented by the reaction shown. What is the equilibrium expression for this reaction? 6CO_2 (g) + 6H_2 O(l) C_6 H_12 O_6 (s) + 6O_2 (g) (A) K = [CO_2]^6 [C_6 H_12 O_6]/[O_2]^6 [H_2 O]^6 (B) K = [O_2]^6/[CO_2]^6 What is the state of the system if [I_2 (g)] = 1.0 M and [I(g)] = 1.0 times 10^-3 M? I_2 (g) 2I(g) K_c = 3.8 times 10^-5 (A) The system is at equilibrium. (B) The system is at a steady slate. (C) The system is not at equilibrium and will produce more reactants. (D) The system is not at equilibrium and will produce more products. What is the effect of increasing the temperature on the ammonia formation reaction? N_2 (g) + 3H_2 (g) 2NH_2 (g) AJ = -92.38 kJ (A) The equilibrium shifts to the right and K will decrease. (B) The equilibrium shifts to the right and K will increase. (C) The equilibrium shifts to the left and K will decrease. (D) The equilibrium shifts to the left and K will increase. Phosgene decomposes into carbon monoxide and elemental chlorine. If the initial concentration of COCI_2 (g) is 0.50 M, what is the equilibrium concentration of CO(g)? COCI_2 (g) CO(g) + CI_2 (g) K_a = 6.6 times 10^-4 Consider the decomposition of sulfuryl dichloride: SO_2 CI_2 (g) SO_2 (g) + CI_2 (g) Delta H > 0. Adding solid sodium metal to this system scavenges chlorine gas in an exothermic reaction. How does adding sodium affect the sulfuryl dichloride equilibrium? (A) Products remain unchanged because sodium is not a participating species in the reaction (B) There is insufficient information available about the enthalpy to predict the outcome (C) Shift away from products (D) Shift towards products For this chemical reaction at 25 degree C, the concentration of the product is the concentration of reactants at equilibrium. C_2 H_4 (g) + H_2 (g) C_2 H_6 (g) K_c = 1.3 times 10^21 (A) Less than (B) Greater than (C) Equal to (D) Unknown because more information is needed to determine Which substance is most soluble in water? (A) 1-butanol, CH_3 CH_2 CH_2 CH_2 OH (B) n-butane, CH_3 CH_2 CH_2 CH_3 (C) ethanol, CH_3 CH_2 OH (D) ethane, CH_3 CH_3Explanation / Answer
24) The highest potential is will be with highest potential difference between the two elements
as Ecell = Ecathode - Eanode
for Bromine and Pb the Ecell = 1.09 - (-0.13) = +1.22 V
Answer: Pb+2 + Br2 --> Products
25) At equilibrium the rate of forward reaction = rate of backward reaction
26) The given equilibrium
2SO2 + 2CO2 --> 2SO3 + 2CO ........(3)
Can be obtained from
2SO2 + O2 --> 2SO3 ........(1)
2CO + O2 ---> 2CO2 .......(2) as
Equation (3) = Equation (1) - Equation (2)
K3 = K1 / K2
27) The equilibrium expression involves only the gaseous molecules
Kc = [O2]^6 / [CO2]^6
28) Let us calculate Q from the given values
Q = [I]^2 / [I2] = [10^-3 ]^2 / 1 = 10^-6 < Kc (38 X 10^-6 )
So the equilibrium will move towards products to acieve equilibrium
29) The enthalpy of reaction is negative so it means the reaction is exothermic
Exothermic reactions are favoured by increase in temperature and will move forward (right) and K will increase
30) COCl2 --> CO(g) + Cl2(g)
Initial 0.5 0 0
Change -x +x +x
Equilibrium 0.5-x x x
Kc = x^2 / (0.5-x)
6.6 X 10^-8 = x^2 / (0.5) [we may ignore x in denominator as x <<0.5]
3.3 X 10^-8 = x^2
x = 1.8 X 10^-4
31) Adding sodium decreases the concentration of products so shifts towards products
32) the concentration of products greater than concentration of reactant as Kc is very very high
33) substance which can form hydrogen bond will be soluble : butanol and ethanol
Out of these the lesser the number of carbon atoms more the solubility
So answer : ethanol
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