Why are we adjusting the pH of our sample? Why is a basic pH necessary? -­ What

Question

Why are we adjusting the pH of our sample? Why is a basic pH necessary?
-­ What is the difference between the ionized and un-ionized drugs? Which is most
important for our extraction?
-­ Why is it important to evaporate the organic layer at low heat?
-­ How is Rf value calculated?
-­ What are the key features of an efficient solvent system?
-­ Why are we using the two different systems?
-­ What is the purpose of the chosen spraying reagents?
-­ What main functional groups will be analyzed by the ATR-IR?

Explanation / Answer

Answer-1)

1) Importance of pH adjascment:

Some organic functional groups are very sensitive to the pH conditions of the medium in which or through which they are extracted creating problem in there precipitation of separation.

e.g. Acidic functionalities R-COOH in alkaline get ionized and thus strongly solvented in solvent and there separation ceases.

Amines on the other hand in acidic medium get protonated(Amines are lewis base) and hence become charged and thus solvated.

Hence adjusting pH is of imense importance.

2) Basic pH neccessary may because the compound to be separated / extracted is containing acid sensitive functionalities like amines which on acidification get protonated and creats problem in separation.

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Note:

For nex questions to be answered actul reaction, corresponding structures of drugs and experimental findings required.

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