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Assume 25°C. Use pKa values from refference text. 0.01 moles of ammonia (NH_3) a

ID: 1023983 • Letter: A

Question

Assume 25°C. Use pKa values from refference text.

0.01 moles of ammonia (NH_3) are added to 1 liter of pure water. Determine the final pH and [NH_4^+] and [NH_3] in the solution? How does pH and [NH_4^+] and [NH_3] change w-hen 0.004 moles of HCl, a strong acid, are added to the solution described in part (a)? HCl is added from a concentrated stock solution, so the volume change is negligible. Determine the concentration of [NH_3] and [NH_4^+] in a pH 7.0 solution in equilibrium with an atmosphere with partial pressure of NH_3(g) of 106-7 atm. The Henry's constant (K_H) for NH_3 is 10^1.8 mol Ls6-1 atm^-1.

Explanation / Answer

a)

Use following steps

Find the concentration of NH3 in the solution

[NH3]= 0.01 /1.0 = 0.01 M

Calculate ka value of NH3 and then use ICE to get [OH-] , [NH4+] and [NH3] at equilibrium

Pka = 14- pkb

= 14-9.3=4.7

Ka = Antilog 4.7= 1.992 E-5

ICE

            NH3 + H2O --- > NH4+ + OH-

I        0.01                      0                    0

C        -x                         +x               +x

E       (0.01 -x)                x                  x

Ka = 1.992 E-2 = x2/ 0.01-x

Since x is negligible,

1.992 E-5 = x2 / 0.01

x = 0.000446684

[OH-] = [NH+]= 0.000446684

pOH = - log [OH-]= - log 0.000446684

=3.35

pH = 14-pOH = 10.65

[NH3]= 0.01 - 0.000446684 = 0.009553316 M

b)

Initial concentration of NH3= 0.009553316 M

[NH4+]= 0.000446684 M

One mole of HCl converts one mole of NH3 to NH4+ therefore,

Volume is one L so the concentration = moles

Final mole/concentration of NH3 = 0.009553316 – 0.004 = 0.00555 M

Final concentration of NH4+ = 0.000446684 + 0.004 =0.00445 M

c)

Find out the concentration of NH3 using Henrys constant equation

C = kH x p

Here kH is the henrys law constant, p is the pressure

C = 101.8 x 1.0E-7

[NH3]=6.31E-6

Use Henderson Hasselbalch equation

pH = pka + log [NH3]/[NH4+]

7.0 = 9.3 + log ([6.31 E-6]/[NH4+]

[NH4+]= 0.001259 M

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