4. You were lucky enough to get an interview with Corning in their research and
ID: 1025212 • Letter: 4
Question
4. You were lucky enough to get an interview with Corning in their research and development department. You want to make sure you know some basics about glass in case they ask you interview questions. a. Name 4 of the 5 main oxide components of window glass? (4) b. What are 3 methods for forming glass (there are many more than 3)? (6) c. Briefly describe how crystalline and "amorphous" solids differ. (4) d. Support or refute this statement with evidence. "Glasses are always ceramics." (4) e. Briefly describe the kinetic theory of glass-forming. (4) f. Name 2 other inorganic glass-forming systems besides oxides. (2)Explanation / Answer
(a): The main oxide component of window glass are silica (SiO2) + sodium oxide (Na2O) + lime (CaO) + magnesia (MgO).
(b): The methods for forming the glass are :
(i) Continuous Glass Melting Process: A continuous process has a “beginning” and an “end;” raw materials are fed into the front of the furnace, and molten glass is removed from the end. As the glass passes through different zones within the furnace, specific steps in the melting process are performed.
(ii) Batch Glass Melting Process: In a batch process, all raw materials are added at one time, as opposed to being continually fed into a furnace. The glass is melted in a single vessel or furnace, which is sometimes called a “day tank.” Once the glass is melted, a portion of the glass is removed from the melting vessel and is formed into a product. This step is performed multiple times until the vessel is empty, which marks the end of that batch.
(iii) The Press and Blow method
(iv) The Blow and Blow method
(c) The main difference between amorphous and crystalline solids is due to structural arrangment of their molecules. In crystalline there is regular, well defined and long order arrangemnt whereas in amorphous solids molecules are very randomly arranged. Due to this crystalline solids have very sharp melting point whereas amorphous have melting point in range.
(d) No, it is not true that glasses are always ceramics because ceramics are like crystalline. The arrangement in ceramics is same as crystalline so glass can not be always ceramics.It is possible to turn a glass into a ceramic; by heating it up. This allows rearrangement from a random to an ordered structure and an ordered structure is more stable than a disordered one.
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