26. Which of the following statements is false? a. Rutherford\'s theory of the a
ID: 1025745 • Letter: 2
Question
26. Which of the following statements is false? a. Rutherford's theory of the atom did not explain why the electron did not spiral into the nucleus Bohr's energy-level postulate stating that an atom has only specific energy levels explains why electrons don't cascade into the nucleus. Bohr's postulate that an electron in an atom can change energy only by going from one energy level to another accounts for a gaseous atom's line spectra having only specific wavelengths of light. b. c. d. Bohrs theory predicts atomic energy levels for atoms other than hydrogen e. None of the above.Explanation / Answer
The answer is option d.
The Rutherford's theory proposed that electrons revolve around the nucleus in orbits. According to Maxwell's electromagnetic theory, an accelerated charge must emit electromagnetic radiation. Considering this, if electron emits radiation while moving in orbit then it looses its energy and spirals into the nucleus. This is a limitation of Rutherford's atomic model that it cannot explain.
The Bohr's theory states that electrons are present only in certain allowed orbits called stationary orbits. As long as the electron stays in the same level or orbit, it does not emit radiation as predicted by the Maxwell's theory. Thus, the Bohr's energy level postulate explains why electrons do not cascade into the nucleus.
One of the postulates of the Bohr's atomic model is that an electron can absorb os lose energy by jumping from one energy level to another. An electron gains energy if it absorbs radiation and it jumps from the lower energy level to a higher energy level. Likewise, an electron emits radiation when it falls from a higer energy level to a lower energy level. The frequency of the emitted radiation is dependent on the energy difference between the energy levels. So, it is specific for an atom. This frequency of light appears as a line in emission spectrum of a gaseous atom.
Bohr's theory explains the atomic energy levels of hydrogen and hydrogen like molecules (He+). It cannot explain the atomic structure of large sized atoms. The exact results by Bohr's theory is obtained for a system with two charge points which is the hydrogen atom.
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