9. What is the pathway by which amino acids are released from dietary proteins t

Question

9. What is the pathway by which amino acids are released from dietary proteins to enter the bloodstream?

10. What role does amylase play in digesting starch? What sugar linkages can amylase hydrolyze? Which glycosidic bond can it not hydrolyze?

11. What is the role of GLUT transporters and the sodium-glucose linked transporter (SGLT) in sugar uptake into intestinal eptithelial cells and into the bloodstream?

12. What role do bile salts and lipases play in lipid digestion?

13. Define and state the basic roles of: chylomicrons, micelles, amphipathic molecules

14. Which would be the most water soluble: triacylglycerol, diacylglycerol, or monoacylglycerol?

Explanation / Answer

Ans 9 :

The amino acids are linked to each other by peptide bonds in the protein molecule.

The protein catabolism involves the breakage of these peptide bonds , to release the amino acids , the process called as proteolysis.

The enzyme proteasome breaks these peptide bonds with the help of ATP energy. The remaining peptide bonds are broken with the help of enzyme called as proteases.

Different types of proteases are present that catalyze this process such as metalloproteases , serine proteases trypsin etc.

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