6. Under what conditions could a thermodynamically unfavorable reaction proceed?

Question

6. Under what conditions could a thermodynamically unfavorable reaction proceed?

7. Understand the significance of the free-energy change (G) of reactions and the relationship between G and G0’ , the equilibrium constant, and the concentrations of the reactants and products.

8. Understand the additivity of G values for coupled reactions such that an exergonic reaction can drive an endergonic reaction.

9. What are the 4 key ways that the characteristics of ATP gives it a high phosphoryl-transfer potential?

10. Understand how the phosphoryl-transfer potential relates to the standard free energy of hydrolysis.

11. What role does creatine phosphate play in ATP regeneration during the first few seconds of exercise?

12. What does it mean that many phosphate esters (including ATP) are thermodynamically unstable while being kinetically stable?

13. The amount of ATP in the cell is very limited, yet it is the primary donor of free energy for all biological processes. How is this possible?

Explanation / Answer

Ans 6 :

A reaction that has negative free energy change is a spontaneous reaction , which can occur without any external stimulus.

Enzymes are the species that can catalyse the thermodynamic unfavourable reaction by coupling it to a thermodynamically favourable reaction , so that the overall change in gibbs free energy becomes negative.

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