ONLY SECTION B. Properties of Soap and Detrrgents REPORT SHEET LAB Saponificatio
ID: 1036998 • Letter: O
Question
ONLY SECTIONB. Properties of Soap and Detrrgents REPORT SHEET LAB Saponification and Soaps 32 A. Saponification: Preparation of Soap Describe the appearance of the soap you prepared. Mi B. Properties of Soaps and Detergents TestsLab Soap Commercial Soap Detergent 1. pH best 3. Oil 4.1%CaCl2 1% MgCl2 1% FeCl Questions and Problems Q1 Which of the solutions in Part B were basic? Only the lab Soet ard detrgent we 02 How do soaps made from vegetable oils differ from soaps made from animal fat? Soaps Ma 371 Copyright C 2014 Pearson Edacaton, Inc.
Explanation / Answer
Soaps are water-soluble sodium or potassium salts of fatty acids. Soaps are made either from fats and oils, or their fatty acids, by treating them with a strong base.
The fats and oils used come from animal or plant sources. Each fat or oil is made up of a distinct mix of several different triglycerides. In a triglyceride molecule, three fatty acid molecules are attached to one molecule of glycerine. There are many types of triglycerides; each type consists of its own particular combination of fatty acids. Fatty acids are the components of fats and oils that are used in making soap. They are weak acids composed of two parts: A carboxylic acid group consisting plus a hydrocarbon chain . Generally, it is made up of a long chain of carbon atoms.
Detergents are made from the synthetic source. They are made up of one ar more surfactents. The surfactents can be either cationic or anionic.
1. The detergents and soaps are basic in nature. The chloride salts can be acidic. Though the CaCl2 can be mildly basic on the basis of formation of Ca(OH)2 in the aqueous medium.When FeCl3 dissolves the hydrated iron(III) [Fe(H2O)6] 3+ is formed..
2. The vegatable oil is unsaturated so it will form a more liquid soap. On the other hand the soap made from the animal fats are les mobile/soluble due to the fact that the animal fats are saturated. Saturated hydrocarbon chains are hydrophobic i.e. they repell polar water molecules.
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