me following, a. which element has b. the bighest first ionization energy? 7. Wh
ID: 1044545 • Letter: M
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me following, a. which element has b. the bighest first ionization energy? 7. Which ionic ic compound would be ex Na Cl pected to have the highest lattice enersy b. CaO . Ga,CO d. CO, 8.Place the following elements in order of incrcasing electronegativity Ba C Sc 9. Choose the bond below that is most polar b. C-F c. N-O d. C-P 10. Identify the states of the halogens at room temperature a. /Fluorine, chlorine, bromine, and iodine are gases b. Fluorine, chlorine, and bromine are gases, and iodine is a solid c. Fluorine and iodine are gases, chlorine and bromine are gases. d. Fluorine is a gas, chlorine and bromine are liquids, and iodine is a solid is aExplanation / Answer
6. The ionization energy of an atom is the amount of energy that is required to remove an electron from a mole of atoms in the gas phase:
These are all elements in the 5th period of the periodic table. First ionisation energies increase as we go from left to right along a period as more protons are being added to the nucleus number of electrons remain the same. The valence electrons therefore feel a higher effective nuclear charge which is the sum of the charges on the protons in the nucleus and the charges on the inner, core electrons. The valence electrons are therefore held more tightly, the atom decreases in size and it becomes increasingly difficult to remove them, corresponding to a higher value for the first ionization energy.
Hence b. Iodine has the highest first ionization energy.
7. NaCl ,CaO and Ga2O3are the only ionic compounds in this list and c. Ga2O3 has a highest lattice energy because as the charges on the ions increase, the lattice energy increases.
8. a. Ba < Sc < C
This is because we know that electronegativity increases as we go from left to right of the periodic table. Electronegativity is the measure of an atom's ability to attract electrons to itself in a covalent bond. In the periodic table, atoms toward the upper right are more electronegative, and those to the lower left are least electronegative. In this list C is in the upper right of the periodic table whereas Ba and Sc can be found on the left.
9.b, C-F
This is because the difference between the electronegativity values of F and C is greater than that of the rest of the others.
10. e. Fluorine and chlorine are gases, bromine is a liquid, and iodine is a solid.
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