What is lattice energy (in an understandable way of explaining, Wikipedia defini

Question

What is lattice energy (in an understandable way of explaining, Wikipedia definition are too complicated)? how do I use lattice energy to deal with AP Chemistry big idea 5 questions? What kind of question in big idea 5 require me using the lattice energy? What is lattice energy (in an understandable way of explaining, Wikipedia definition are too complicated)? how do I use lattice energy to deal with AP Chemistry big idea 5 questions? What kind of question in big idea 5 require me using the lattice energy? how do I use lattice energy to deal with AP Chemistry big idea 5 questions? What kind of question in big idea 5 require me using the lattice energy? What kind of question in big idea 5 require me using the lattice energy?

Explanation / Answer

Lattice energy is that energy which is released when ionic species (in solid, liquid or gaseous form) such as Na+, Ca2+, Al3+, Cl-, O2-, and many more come together to form bonds and ultimately a stable structure (called lattice).

Since the energy is released from the system to the surrounding environment, lattice energy is always negative.

Lattice Energy is used to explain the stability of ionic solids. Some might expect such an ordered structure to be less stable because the entropy (randomness) of the system would be low. Entropy of gases > Entropy of liquids > Entropy of solids.

However, the crystalline structure allows each ion to interact with multiple oppositely charge ions, which causes a highly favorable change in the enthalpy of the system. For example, in a NaCl crystal lattice, each Na+ ion is surrounded by Cl- ions which offer their negative charge to Na+ ion and simultaneously, each Cl- ion is surrounded by Na+ ions which offer their positive charge to Cl- ions. This is how a stable structure is created.

Now when Na+ and Cl- ions combine together to form this lattice, the energy released is called Lattice Energy.

Lattice Energy is based on the principle that when two or more elements or compounds combine to give a product, energy is either released or absorbed.

Lattice Energy concept is important in Hess's Law and Born- Haber cycle.

The Born-Haber Cycle can be reduced to a single equation:

Heat of formation= Heat of atomization+ Dissociation energy+ (sum of Ionization energies)+ (sum of Electron affinities)+ Lattice energy

Now questions involving above parameters will require you to use lattice energy to find other variables of equation.

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