Which of the underlined nuclei in each of the following molecules would appear a

Question

Which of the underlined nuclei in each of the following molecules would appear at higher field? Please thoroughly explain and answer number 3. of the following 1. What is meant by each a. Chemical Shift d. Shielding terms? b. ppm e. Integral c. TMS f. Upfield 2. What units are used to specify chemical shifts? 3. Which of the underlined nuclei in each of the following molecules would appear at highe field? (C3C spectrum) (3C spectrum) (C spectrum) ('H spectrum) ('H spectrum) ('H spectrum) a. CH3CH2C(-O)CH2OH b. CH3CH2CH-CH2 c. CH:CH2CH2OH e. CH;CH2CH-CH For the problems below: The best set of chemical shift charts and tables for help in sol problems and those that will be given during lab are the ones in Vollhardt, p 421 for se p 397 for 'H and the ones in this document in the appendicies. nknown rampound and are told that it is ONE of the two possibi o how you could

Explanation / Answer

1a

a) chemical shift --> the frequency of the resonance expressed with reference to a standard compound which is defined to be at 0 ppm

b --> ppm, part per million, units of cocnentration

c --> TMS = Tetramethylsilane, used as a referene in NMR and Chemical shift refeence.

d --> shielding = effet in which the magnetic field is cancelled/increased due to position of elctrons/protons. It is said to be "shielded" if it won't feel the 100% interaction

e --> Integral --> in mathematics, a function in which the area under the curve is calculated

f -- >upfield --> a reference in which the chemical shift is increased due to shielding

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