In the manufacture of aniline from nitrobenzene, the reactor products are conden

Question

In the manufacture of aniline from nitrobenzene, the reactor products are
condensed and separated into aqueous and organic phases in a decanter. The
organic phase is fed to a striping column to recover the aniline. Aniline and
water form an azeotrope, composition 0.96 mole fraction aniline. For the
feed composition given below, make a mass balance around the column and
determine the stream compositions and flow rates. Take as the basis for the
balance 100 kg/h feed and 99.9% recovery of the aniline in the overhead
product. Assume that nitrobenzene leaves with the water stream from the
base of the column.
Feed composition, weight percentage: water 2.4, aniline 73.0, nitrobenzene
3.2, cyclo-hexylamine trace

Explanation / Answer

Given

for

1)H2O

w/w = 2.4

molecular weight = 18

mol /100kgh-1= 13.3

mol percentage =14.1

2)Aniline

w/w = 73

molecular weight = 93

mol /100kgh-1= 78.5

mol percentage = 83.2

3) nitrobenzene

w/w =3.2

molecular weight =123

mol /100kgh-1= 2.6

mol percentage = 2.7

now aniline feed is 83.2kgh-1

99.9%RECOVERY

so aniline overhead ( 83.2)(0.99) =83.12kgh-1

overhead composition will be near azotrop so aniline composition 96 suggested

here water composition overhead = 100-96= 4 mol%

water carring aniline =83.12(4/96) =3.46kg/h

water leaving coloum base =14.1-3.46 = 10.64kg/h

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