I have 1 piece of evidence , which Is that a white percipitate appeared during t
ID: 1054480 • Letter: I
Question
I have 1 piece of evidence, which Is that a white percipitate appeared during the silver nitrate test. But I need 2 more pieces of evidence.
Info about the experiment if needed: This experiment centrated roduct to characterize the t-butyl chloride. The first qualitative test will be to hydrolyze the t-butyl chloride in water, and observe the pH change as the reaction proceeds. The second qualitative test will involve using an ethanolic solution of silver nitrate. Silver halide salts are extremely insoluble in most solvents, and this property can be exploited to form carbocations from alkyl halides. Addition of an alkyl halide to a solution of silver nitrate will cause cleavage of the carbon-halide bond to occur, resulting in the corresponding carbocation. The rate at which the precipitate of silver halide salt appears is directly related to how fast carbocation formation is occurring, and is therefore related to the stability of the carbocation that is being formed.
Explanation / Answer
1. t-butyl chloride hydrolysis in the presence of base like NaOH nad give t-butyl alcohol and HCl. so during the reaction the HCl will generate and neutralize the NaOH. this causes in the change of the pH.
2. As you mentioned, the formation of AgBr will conform the presence of alkyl btomide.
3. This is an indirect observation. If t-butyl chloride reacts with AgNO3 t-butyl cation will form. This is more easy to form due to the +I effect. and it easy to form over primary, secondary butyl chloride. So t-butyl chloride reacts very fast with AgNO3, t-butyl cation and AgBr ppt will form easily. but other isomers will react slowly compare to the t-butyl chloride. The formation of immidiate ppt give us a clue that it is t-butyl chloride.
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