COMPARE AND CONTRAST THE TWO FIGURES WITH DETAILED DESCRIPTIONS. C-O CH Nicotine

Question

COMPARE AND CONTRAST THE TWO FIGURES WITH DETAILED DESCRIPTIONS.

C-O CH Nicotine Niacin (nicotinic acid) NH CH CH-COO NH2 Tryptophan Nicotinamide HGURE 13-26 Niacin (nicotinic acid) and its derivative nicotinamide. The biosynthetic precursor of these compounds is tryptophan. In the labo- alory, nicotinic acid was first produced by oxidation of the natural product nicotine the name. Both nicotinic acid and nicotinamide cure pella- ga, but cigarettes or elsewhere) has no curative activity. nicotine (from

Explanation / Answer

1Q

DIFFERENTIATION

Niacin, or nicotinic acid, and niacinamide make up vitamin B-3, according to the National Institutes of Health. In this form, it is found in cereal grains, yeast, milk, meat, fish, eggs and green vegetables. An amide is a chemical compound that contains a carbonyl group, or C=O, that is linked to a nitrogen atom.

Your body can convert niacin into niacinamide. Your body also makes niacinamide from tryptophan, which is an amino acid that is found in animal foods. The niacinamide you make from tryptophan, however, only covers a few your body’s needs.

Function

Niacin and niacinamide have an identical function when used as vitamins. Both are water soluble. However, their pharmacologic properties differ. For example, high doses of niacin can cause skin flushing. Niacinamide, however, does not have the same vasodialating, or blood vessel widening, effects, that niacin has, so it does not lead to skin flushing. That makes it a good alternative when a doctor is preventing, treating a niacin deficiency, or treating pellagra, which is a wasting disease you can suffer due to vitamin B-3 deficiency. Niacinamide, however, can cause hyperhidrosis, or excessive sweating.

Niacin can be used to treat high cholesterol levels thanks to its role in fat metabolism, but niacinamide does not work for this purpose. When niacin takes on an amide group, its cholesterol-lowering effects are inhibited.

Niacinamide may be useful for treating osteoarthritis, but more study is needed before a recommendation for this use can be made. Only niacin is recommended for circulatory problems. Either niacin or niacinamide can be used to treat mental disorders such as depression and anxiety. This usually is done in conjunction with other medications. Either form also may be used to address physical or emotional stress, say the authors.

Related Questions

Navigate

• Browse (All)
• Browse C
• Subjects

---

---

Integrity-first tutoring: explanations and feedback only — we do not complete graded work. Learn more.