Assume that 1960 MSW = 1.25 kg/capita, and that 2015 MSW = 2.25 kg/capita. By wh

Question

Assume that 1960 MSW = 1.25 kg/capita, and that 2015 MSW = 2.25 kg/capita. By what factor or percentage is 2003 per capita municipal solid waste (MSW) greater than 1960 per capita MSW? Explain in detail likely reasons of this increase and their connections. Identify advantages and disadvantages to a waste-disposal charge based on weight as compared to flat-rate charge? Assume that 72.3 million tons of MSW (Municipal Solid Waste) were recycled in 2008 by a given country (for example Japan), which represented a recycling rate of 36.6 percent. How much MSW was not recycled and, therefore, can be assumed to have gone to the waste disposal sites?

Explanation / Answer

1. In 1960, MSW= 1.25 Kg/capita and 2015, MSW = 2.25 Kg/capita

increase/yr (assuming linear variation)= (2.25-1.25)/(2015-1960)= 0.018182 Kg/capita

in 2003, it is =1.25+(2003-1960)*0.018182=2.031818 kg/capita

percentage change in 2003 compared to 1960 = 100*(2.031818-1.25)/1.25=62.54

2. Advantages: since it is ont weight basis, one needs to pay less or more depending on whether they are generatign less weight or more weight. Waste production is encouraged in case of Flat-rate charges

When charged more obviously leads to illegal dumping. some materials weight less but occupies more volume. So less is paid,

3. Recycled is 36.3%= 72.3 million tons

total = 72.3/0.363= 199 million tons. So not recycled= 199-72.3= 126.7 miilion tons

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