Which of the following chemical equations refers to the second ionization of A1?

Question

Which of the following chemical equations refers to the second ionization of A1? a. Al(s) + 2e^- rightarrow Al^2-(s) b. Al'(g) rightarrow A1^2+(g) + e^- c. Al(g) rightarrow AF(g) + 2e^- d. Al(s) rightarrow Al(s) + e^- e. Al^2(g) + e^- rightarrow Al^+(g) The change in energy for the following reaction is referred to as the for boron B(g) + e^- rightarrow B^-(g) a. Oxidation number b. Electron affinity c. Electronegativity energy d. First ionization energy e. Second ionization energy Which of the following statements is/are CORRECT? Ionic bonds form when one or more valence electrons are transferred from one atom to another. Covalent bonds involve sharing of electrons between atoms. In most covalently bonded compounds, electrons are NOT shared equally between the atoms. a. 1 only b. 2 only c. 3 only d. 1 and 2 e. 1, 2, and 3 How many lone pairs of electrons are assigned to the carbon atom in carbon dioxide? a. 0 b. 1 c. 2 d. 3 e. 4 Which one of the following molecules is polar? a. CS_2 b. SO_2 c. XeF^2 d. XDeF_4 e. SO_3

Explanation / Answer

Q11

2nd ionization --> goes after first so:

Al(s) --> Al+(g) + e-

2nd ionizaiton will be from Al+

so

Al+(g) --> Al+2(g) + e-

then

choose B

since C includes both, 1st and 2nd ionization energes

Q12

change in charge...

this must be the electron affinity for Boron, ince we are analysing the affinity of boron for electrons

Q13

1) True, electrostatich charges are ionic bonds

2) True, they must be at least 2 atoms

3) True, but not always

so choose E, 1,2,3

Q14

CO2 --> 4 lone pairs, since it has 4 valence electrons, the other 4 are shared

Q15

polar --> SO2

since sulfur has a lone pair, therefore they will become a bent molecule

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