organic chemistry Which of the following anions is the most basic? I II III IV W

Question

organic chemistry

Which of the following anions is the most basic? I II III IV Which of the following bases cannot deprotonate acetylene? You are given the pK, values of the conjugate acids in parentheses. Only I and II Only I and III Only II and III Only II and IV Which of the following statements about tautomers is true? Tautomers differ in the position of a single bond and a hydrogen atom. Tautomers differ in the position of a double bond and a carbon atom. Tautomers differ in the position of a double bond and a hydrogen atom. Tautomers differ in the position of a single bond and a carbon atom.

Explanation / Answer

Carbons in these molecules differ in the electronegativitythe since most electronegative carbon atom will be the one with its bonding electrons closest to the nucleus.. An sp hybridized carbon is more electronegative than an sp2 hybridized carbon, which is more electronegative than an sp3 hybridized carbon, which is just slightly more electronegative than a hydrogen.

sp > sp2 > sp3

Because the electronegativity of carbon atoms follows the order, acidity also follows the order. Ethyne is a stronger acid than ethene, and ethene is a stronger acid than ethane which is stronger than isobutane.

sp > sp2 > sp3

The corresponding conjugate bases of these compounds have the following relative base strengths because the stronger the acid, the weaker is its conjugate base. Hence strong base follows the order sp3 > sp2 > sp

IV > I > II > III

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