Part I. Multiple Choice. Each question is worth 3 points. The following question

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Part I. Multiple Choice. Each question is worth 3 points. The following questions have only one correct answer. Please circle the correct answer this sheet directly on 1. Atomic size decreases as you go right across a period the periodic table because a there are more valence electrons repelling each other (by the effective nuclear charge increases. c) the principle quantum number is increasing. (d there is a weaker net positive pull on the valence electrons since they do not effectively shield one another. (e) Atomic size does not decrease as you go right across a period. Estimate the effective nuclear charge on the outermost electrons in K (a) 1 (b) 3 (c) 5 (d) 7 3. A newly discovered element has the following ionization energies: I 700 kJ/mol, 1400 kJ/mol, 8000 kJ/mol, 16000 kJ/mol. How many valence electrons is this element likely to have? (b) 4 (c) 6 (d) 8 (e) cannot be determined 4 Which of these elements has the most negative electron affinity? (c) (d) Mg (e) K 5. Which of the following molecules would you expect to be polar? (b) CS2 (a) SO (c) XeFa (d) SF4 (e) CF4 6. Out of the following compounds containing metals and non-metals, which one is likely to be molecular? (a) Bacli (b) Mno (c) Mnzo (d) SnC12 (e) Rb20 7. The dipole moment ofCO (a polar covalent molecule) is 0.122 D, and its bond length is 1128pm. Determine the percent ionic character of the bond. (e) 13.8% (c) 10.8% (d) 12.2% (a) 2.25% (b) 9.50% 8. The chlorate ion exhibits resonance. What is the bond order ofthe chlorine-oxygen bonds in o CIO b) 133 (c) 1.5 (d) 67 (e) 2 (a) 1 9. Which combination of hybrid orbital descriptions and molecular geometry is INCORRECT? dyspydisquare planar (a) linear (b) sp trigonal planar (e) sp loctahedral (c) splretrahedral 10 Which of the following bonds is the shortest? a) C-C (b) C C (c) Cac (d they are all the same length

Explanation / Answer

1. effective nuclear charge=

Zeff= Z- S

Z= atmonic number

S= totsl electrons - valence electrons

K= (atomic number= 19, electronic configuration = 1S2,2S2,2P6,3S2,3P6, 4S1

K+= atomic number= 18 =electronic configuration 1S2, 2S2,2P6,3S2,3P6

Zeff= 19- (18-8)

=19-10

=9

3.

see the ionization energies pattern.

I1= 700 KJ

I2 = 1400 KJ

I3= 8000 KJ

I4= 16000 KJ

if you observe there is a huge jump I2 to I3 . by this we can that it has 2 valence electrons.

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