a) Find the thermal energy in 1 liter of He atoms at room temperature (300 K) an

Question

a) Find the thermal energy in 1 liter of He atoms at room temperature (300 K) and atmospheric pressure. Do the same for 800 K. Note the effect of temperature.

b) Repeat (a) for O2.

c) Suppose, now, the He pressure in (a) has increased linearly as a function of volume, and that both pressure and volume are five times their original values.

     i) Plot the PV diagram for this process.

ii) Find the work done on the system two ways:

1. Doing integration

2. Finding the area under the curve

iii) Find the change in thermal energy.

iv) Find the heat involved in this process. Is it absorbed or released?

Explanation / Answer

a) At room temperature,

Thermal energy of He = (3/2) k T = (3/2) x 1.38 x 10-23 x 300

Thermal energy of He = 6.21 x 10-21 J

At T = 800K,

Thermal energy of He = (3/2) k T = (3/2) x 1.38 x 10-23 x 800

Thermal energy of He = 1.656 x 10-20 J

b) Same for O2,

At room temperature,

Thermal energy of O2 = (3/2) k T = (3/2) x 1.38 x 10-23 x 300

Thermal energy of O2 = 6.21 x 10-21 J

At T = 800K,

Thermal energy of O2 = (3/2) k T = (3/2) x 1.38 x 10-23 x 800

Thermal energy of O2 = 1.656 x 10-20 J

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