You are given the surface frontal analysis and the corresponding temperature adv

Question

You are given the surface frontal analysis and the corresponding temperature advection field at 12Z on December 22, 2001. At the time, the surface weather map showed a cold front that marked the leading edge of Arctic air invading the Middle West. By this time, the front had already passed the tiny town of Englewood, Kansas. For reference, Englewood lies practically on the border between Kansas and Oklahoma at the same longitude as the eastern edge of the Texas Panhandle, which places Englewood within the very small, closed contour of temperature advection shown on the left below. Assuming that no other factor influenced thermometers at Englewood except temperature advection and that temperature advection remained constant for two more hours (until 14Z), what would the temperature be at 14Z on December 22, 2001, compared to the temperature at 12Z?

Hint: Be careful using the color coding on the chart of temperature advection. The web site that created this image sometimes uses one color to represent a range in values of temperature advection. It is much safer to use the labeled values of the contours to answer this question. The contour interval is 0.5 degrees Fahrenheit per hour.

A. the temperature would have fallen about eight more degrees

B. the temperature would have fallen about three more degrees

C. the temperature would have fallen about four more degrees

D. the temperature would have fallen about six more degrees

E. the temperature would have fallen about seven more degrees

A. the temperature would have fallen about eight more degrees

B. the temperature would have fallen about three more degrees

Explanation / Answer

ANS - d. the temperature would have fallen about six more degrees

The upwelling longwave radiation and the reflected solar radiation, on the other hand, are under no such restrictions. This gives us the opportunity to see distinguish between the hypothesis that the system responds in such a way as to counteract changes in forcing, and the consensus view that the system responds to changes in forcing by changing the surface temperature. At equilibrium, what is emitted by the earth has to equal the incoming radiation, 340 watts per meter squared (W/m2). Of this, about 100 W/m2 are reflected solar shortwave radiation and 240 W/m2 of which are upwelling longwave (thermal infrared) radiation. NS - C. surface temperatures are holding steady

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