4. Write 4 properties of ceramics that are strongly influenced by defects. (5) 5

Question

4. Write 4 properties of ceramics that are strongly influenced by defects. (5) 5. How are diffusion and ionic conduction related? (5) 6. Why can ceramic nanoparticles be considered very defective materials and why is this important? Below is a schematic of glassy phase wetting the grain boundaries of a ceramic in various ways ( is the wetting angle) at triple junctions or quadruple junctions where 3 or 4 grains come together. In one extreme case, a continuous glassy intergranular film (IGF) forms along the boundaries, while in the other extreme case, the glassy phase is confined to the junctions Explain whether you expect the properties of these ceramics (2 extremes) to be different, and if so why and how. (5) 7. -45 135

Explanation / Answer

4.

4 properties strongly influenced by defects are :

1. the strength, ductility, toughness, and ductile-brittle transition) are some of the mechanical properties that depend upon the crystal structure and imperfections.

2. Point defects affect the electrical conductivity, mechanical strength, and diffusivity.

3.bulk/lattice defects, are significant in material processing involving solidification, deformation, and powder metallurgy.

4. Melting point of the ceramic.

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