Describe the issue (Criteria air pollutants and cardiovascular disease ) and exp

Question

Describe the issue (Criteria air pollutants and cardiovascular disease ) and expand on how exposure and human health may be modified for the given topic in relation to climate change. This may be in terms of both severity, frequency and geography. Additionally, you should indicate if you think that there are Environmental Justice (EJ) issues associated with the health aspect, and expand on the nature of this concern. This could include location, built environment and lack of empowerment of affected groups. Finally indicate what may be useful to remediate the selected problem

Explanation / Answer

air pollution poses a significant cardiovascular risk, and has been associated with atherosclerosis, the main underlying pathology in many cardiovascular diseases. Although, it is well known that exposure to air pollution causes pulmonary disease, recent studies have shown that cardiovascular health consequences of air pollution generally equal or exceed those due to pulmonary diseases. The objective of this article is to evaluate the current evidence on the emerging role of environmental air pollutions in cardiovascular disease, with specific focus on the types of air pollutants and mechanisms of air pollution-induced cardiotoxicity. Published literature on pollution was systematically reviewed and cited in this article. It is hoped that this review will provide a better understanding of the harmful cardiovascular effects induced by air pollution exposure. This will help to bring a better understanding on the possible preventive health measures and will also serve regulatory agencies and researchers. In addition, elucidating the biological mechanisms underlying the link between air pollution and cardiovascular disease is an essential target in developing novel pharmacological strategies aimed at decreasing adverse effects of air pollution on cardiovascular system.

Certain environmental air pollutants are of special interest since they are associated with increased morbidity, hospitalization,and mortality due to CVD.[2,3] In the United States, the six commonly found air pollutants are particle pollution (often referred to as PM), ground-level O3, CO, SO2, NO2, and lead.[1] Worldwide, the air pollutants of concern include PM (“fine particles” [PM2.5> 2.5 m], and “coarse particles” [PM10 to 2.5]), ground-level O3, CO, SO2, NO2, lead, cigarette smoke, and carbon disulfide (CS2).

Perticular matter air pollution- a mixture of particles that can adversely affect human health and includes dust, dirt, soot, smoke, and liquid droplets directly emitted into the air by sources such as factories, power plants, cars, construction activity, fires, and natural windblown dust. It is reported that the size of PM is directly linked to their potential for causing health-related problems. The United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is mainly concerned about particles that are 10 m in diameter or smaller because those are the particles that generally pass through the throat and nose and enter the lungs. Once inhaled, these particles can cause harmful effects on the lungs and heart. EPA groups particle pollution into two categories: fine PM and coarse PM.

There are sevral aspects which effects cardiovascular disease like- ground level ozone layer, sulfur dioxide,nitrogen dioxid,lead etc etc.

Yes this is also an issue of enviormental justice because the percentage ofsuch polutants which cause disease is increasing because of our so much use of natura fules...which emites suchpolluting air and perticular matter in air and maake it polluted so its our responsibility to make it clean now. In last 200 years human had used so much of natural fossilfules which is not good because if all the sources are used today then. What will be save for tommorow and the pollution causing because of such distruction is a diffrent thich which is hazardous for all human beings so. For as the remedie we should follow reduce,recycle and reuse.which will help us in decreasing the pollution which also causing bad effects to human health.

Give a thumps up of the ansis help full for you.

Thank you.

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