Need some help answering these practice questions. 1. Which of the following dat

Question

Need some help answering these practice questions.

1. Which of the following data listed below provides evidence in support of this accepted age for the planet Earth?

Please consider the following article, in addition to your text:

http://serc.carleton.edu/NAGTWorkshops/earlyearth/questions/formation_oceans.html

Select one:

a. Radiometric dates of ancient sedimentary zircon

b. Radiometric dates of meteorites

c. Solar mass and luminosity

d. Radiometric dates of Lunar samples

e. All of the above

2. Pressure is a force per area (distance squared.) When someone steps on your foot, you feel the pressure across the top of your foot. But you also feel a bit squashed... right? Imagine if your foot was constrained on all sides...

Density is defined as the mass per given volume of a substance.

Because pressures at great depths below earth’s surface are ___________, earth materials at depth tend to have __________ densities.

Read carefully!

Select one:

a. low, decreased

b. low, increased

c. high, increased

d. high, decreased

3. The asthenosphere is a crystal mush. It is a solid because the pressures below the lithosphere are very high and cause great densities. But the asthenosphere is also very very hot!

So... over long periods of time, the asthenosphere behaves like a fluid, and flows!!

Because the asthenosphere is _____________, it deforms (changes shape) ________________.

Select one:

a. solid, elastically (snapping like a rubber band)

b. rigid, elastically (snapping like a rubber band)

c. solid, plastically (moving like toothpaste that is sheared)

d. rigid, plastically (moving like toothpaste that is sheared)

4. Look back at the definition of a mineral. (See your textbook or the video.)

Sugar ___________because______________.

Select one:

a. is a mineral, it meets all 5 requirements

b. is not a mineral, it does not have an orderly internal structure

c. is not a mineral, it is organic

d. is not a mineral, it is not a solid

5. According to the website http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/nuclear/cardat.html and the Table below, what would be the most appropriate material for carbon dating?

Select one:

a. Gypsum beds preserved in a sand from an evaporated lake

b. Bone found in a clay bed overlying a 30,000 year old lava flow

c. 100 million year old granite of the Sierra Nevada

d. Well sorted sediment preserved in cross beds from ancient sand dunes

6. Based on the above plot, what would be the most appropriate material for potassium to argon dating?

Select one:

a. Gypsum beds preserved in a sand from an evaporated lake

b. Bone found in a clay bed overlying a 30,000 year old lava flow

c. 100 million year old granite in the Sierra Nevada

d. Well sorted sediment preserved in cross beds from ancient sand dunes

7. Half-life is the time that it takes for half of the parent material to decay to the daughter material. The half-life of 40K (K=Potassium) is 1,250 Ma. At that time, half of the potassium has changed into Argon.

The graph below shows the relationship between the age of a mineral and a mineral’s 40Ar/40K ratio. Again, the daughter product is Argon (Ar) and the parent is Potassium (K).

Say you analyze a mineral today and you find that the 40Ar/40K ratio is 1 (meaning the amounts of 40Ar and 40K are equal). Use the graph to determine how many half-lives have occurred.

Select one:

a. 1

b. 2

c. 3

d. 4

DATES MATERIAL FORMED THIS MANY YEARS AGO MATERIAL DATED TECHNIQUE Uranium to LeadMinerals Rubidium to Strontiunm Potassium to Argon Uranium SeriesMinerals, Shel 1 Million to 4.5 Billion Minerals 60 Million to 4.5 Billion Minerals 10,000 to 3 Billion 0 to 400,000 Disequilibrium Bone, Teeth, Coral Carbon-14 Minerals, Shel, Wood, 0 to 40,000 Bone, Teeth, Water Minerals, Natural Glass 500,000 to 1 Billion Minerals, Natural Glass 0 to 500,000 Fission Track Thermo- luminescence Minerals, Tooth Enamel, ,000 to 1 Million Shell, Coral Electron Spin Resonance Geomagnetic Minerals 780,000 to 200 Million Polarity Amino Acid Shells, Other 500 to 300,000 Racemization Obsidian Hydration Dendro chronology LichenometryLichens Biocarbonates Natural Glass Tree Rings 500 to 200,000 0 to 12,000 100 to 9,000

Explanation / Answer

1. from the given options it is clearly evident that all of the them satisfy and hence choose E

2. as we go deep into earth general weexpect materials of high density and a common phenomenon that as deep we go the pressure keeps on increasing hence C

3. asthenosphere is the upper layer of the earth's mantle, below the lithosphere, in which there is relatively low resistance to plastic flow and convection is thought to occur. hence C

4. sugar is not a mineral its an organic compound.

7. given that the ratio is 1 => amount of Ar formed = amount of K disintegrated hence after 1 half life K will half its initial and remaining half would be Ar

hence it has took 1 half-time

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