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Two types of machine tools are available for performing a particular job in a ce

ID: 1122089 • Letter: T

Question

Two types of machine tools are available for performing a particular job in a certain manufacturing firm. The estimated costs and salvage values are sum marized in the following table. 20. Machine A Machine B First cost O&M; costs/year Service life Salvage value Depreciation method $30,000 $3,000 6 vears $6,000 MACRS (GDS) $40,000 $%2,500 8 years $4,000 MACRS (GDS) (Straight-line method) 5 vears Recovery period 5 years The effective state and federal tax rate is 50%, and the capital-gains rate is 35%. Make your comparison after income taxes, using a MARR of 10% and in dicate the study period

Explanation / Answer

Answer:

ANALYSIS OF MACHINE A

Initial cash flow

$30,000

Annual cash flow for O&M

$3,000

Calculation of Depreciation Tax shield

N

A

B=30000*A

C=B*0.5

Year

MACRS

Depreciation

Depreciation

Recovery rate

Amount

Tax shield

1

20%

$               6,000

$             3,000

2

32%

$               9,600

$             4,800

3

19.20%

$               5,760

$             2,880

4

11.52%

$               3,456

$             1,728

5

11.52%

$               3,456

$             1,728

6

5.76%

$               1,728

$                 864

Terminal Cash flow:

Salvage value(Before tax)

$6,000

Tax(6000*0.5)

$3,000

After tax salvage value

$3,000

Service life

                          6

Years

Present Value (PV)of cash flow=(Cash flow)/((1+i)^N)

i=discount rate=MARR=10%=

                    0.10

N=Year of cash flow

Year wise cash flow and PV of cash flow given below

N

A

B

C

D

E=A+B+C+D

F=E/(1.1^N)

Year

Initial

Annual

Depreciation

Terminal

Net

PV of net

Cash outflow

Cash outflow

Tax shield

Cashoutflow

Cash outflow

Cash outflow

0

$30,000

$0

$0

$0

$30,000

30000

1

$0

$3,000

$           (3,000)

$0

$0

0

2

$0

$3,000

$           (4,800)

$0

($1,800)

-1487.60331

3

$0

$3,000

$           (2,880)

$0

$120

90.15777611

4

$0

$3,000

$           (1,728)

$0

$1,272

868.7931152

5

$0

$3,000

$           (1,728)

$0

$1,272

789.8119229

6

$0

$3,000

$              (864)

($3,000)

($864)

-487.705476

TOTAL

29773.45403

PRESENT VALUE OF NET COST

$      29,773.45

ANALYSIS OF MACHINE B

Initial cash flow

$40,000

Annual cash flow forO&M

$2,500

Calculation of Depreciation Tax shield

N

A

B=40000*A

C=B*0.5

Year

MACRS

Depreciation

Depreciation

Recovery rate

Amount

Tax shield

1

20%

$               8,000

$             4,000

2

32%

$            12,800

$             6,400

3

19.20%

$               7,680

$             3,840

4

11.52%

$               4,608

$             2,304

5

11.52%

$               4,608

$             2,304

6

5.76%

$               2,304

$             1,152

Terminal Cash flow:

Salvage value(Before tax)

$4,000

Tax(4000*0.5)

$2,000

After tax salvage value

$2,000

Sevice life

                          8

Years

Present Value (PV)of cash flow=(Cash flow)/((1+i)^N)

i=discount rate=MARR=10%=

                    0.10

N=Year of cash flow

Year wise cash flow and PV of cash flow given below

N

A

B

C

D

E=A+B+C+D

F=E/(1.1^N)

Year

Initial

Annual

Depreciation

Terminal

Net

PV of net

Cash outflow

Cash outflow

Tax shield

Cashoutflow

Cash outflow

Cash outflow

0

$40,000

$0

$0

$0

$40,000

40000

1

$0

$2,500

$           (4,000)

$0

($1,500)

-1363.63636

2

$0

$2,500

$           (6,400)

$0

($3,900)

-3223.1405

3

$0

$2,500

$           (3,840)

$0

($1,340)

-1006.76183

4

$0

$2,500

$           (2,304)

$0

$196

133.8706373

5

$0

$2,500

$           (2,304)

$0

$196

121.7005793

6

$0

$2,500

$           (1,152)

$0

$1,348

760.9108577

7

$0

$2,500

$0

$0

$2,500

1282.895296

8

$0

$2,500

$0

($2,000)

$500

233.2536901

TOTAL

36939.09237

PRESENT VALUE OF NET COST

$      36,939.09

PRESENT WORTH OF COST OF MACHINE A

$      29,773.45

PRESENT WORTH OF COST OF MACHINE B

$      36,939.09

Machine A should be preferred

ANALYSIS OF MACHINE A

Initial cash flow

$30,000

Annual cash flow for O&M

$3,000

Calculation of Depreciation Tax shield

N

A

B=30000*A

C=B*0.5

Year

MACRS

Depreciation

Depreciation

Recovery rate

Amount

Tax shield

1

20%

$               6,000

$             3,000

2

32%

$               9,600

$             4,800

3

19.20%

$               5,760

$             2,880

4

11.52%

$               3,456

$             1,728

5

11.52%

$               3,456

$             1,728

6

5.76%

$               1,728

$                 864

Terminal Cash flow:

Salvage value(Before tax)

$6,000

Tax(6000*0.5)

$3,000

After tax salvage value

$3,000

Service life

                          6

Years

Present Value (PV)of cash flow=(Cash flow)/((1+i)^N)

i=discount rate=MARR=10%=

                    0.10

N=Year of cash flow

Year wise cash flow and PV of cash flow given below

N

A

B

C

D

E=A+B+C+D

F=E/(1.1^N)

Year

Initial

Annual

Depreciation

Terminal

Net

PV of net

Cash outflow

Cash outflow

Tax shield

Cashoutflow

Cash outflow

Cash outflow

0

$30,000

$0

$0

$0

$30,000

30000

1

$0

$3,000

$           (3,000)

$0

$0

0

2

$0

$3,000

$           (4,800)

$0

($1,800)

-1487.60331

3

$0

$3,000

$           (2,880)

$0

$120

90.15777611

4

$0

$3,000

$           (1,728)

$0

$1,272

868.7931152

5

$0

$3,000

$           (1,728)

$0

$1,272

789.8119229

6

$0

$3,000

$              (864)

($3,000)

($864)

-487.705476

TOTAL

29773.45403

PRESENT VALUE OF NET COST

$      29,773.45

ANALYSIS OF MACHINE B

Initial cash flow

$40,000

Annual cash flow forO&M

$2,500

Calculation of Depreciation Tax shield

N

A

B=40000*A

C=B*0.5

Year

MACRS

Depreciation

Depreciation

Recovery rate

Amount

Tax shield

1

20%

$               8,000

$             4,000

2

32%

$            12,800

$             6,400

3

19.20%

$               7,680

$             3,840

4

11.52%

$               4,608

$             2,304

5

11.52%

$               4,608

$             2,304

6

5.76%

$               2,304

$             1,152

Terminal Cash flow:

Salvage value(Before tax)

$4,000

Tax(4000*0.5)

$2,000

After tax salvage value

$2,000

Sevice life

                          8

Years

Present Value (PV)of cash flow=(Cash flow)/((1+i)^N)

i=discount rate=MARR=10%=

                    0.10

N=Year of cash flow

Year wise cash flow and PV of cash flow given below

N

A

B

C

D

E=A+B+C+D

F=E/(1.1^N)

Year

Initial

Annual

Depreciation

Terminal

Net

PV of net

Cash outflow

Cash outflow

Tax shield

Cashoutflow

Cash outflow

Cash outflow

0

$40,000

$0

$0

$0

$40,000

40000

1

$0

$2,500

$           (4,000)

$0

($1,500)

-1363.63636

2

$0

$2,500

$           (6,400)

$0

($3,900)

-3223.1405

3

$0

$2,500

$           (3,840)

$0

($1,340)

-1006.76183

4

$0

$2,500

$           (2,304)

$0

$196

133.8706373

5

$0

$2,500

$           (2,304)

$0

$196

121.7005793

6

$0

$2,500

$           (1,152)

$0

$1,348

760.9108577

7

$0

$2,500

$0

$0

$2,500

1282.895296

8

$0

$2,500

$0

($2,000)

$500

233.2536901

TOTAL

36939.09237

PRESENT VALUE OF NET COST

$      36,939.09

PRESENT WORTH OF COST OF MACHINE A

$      29,773.45

PRESENT WORTH OF COST OF MACHINE B

$      36,939.09

Machine A should be preferred