11. Which one of the following statements about soils is correct? (A) Soils are
ID: 113888 • Letter: 1
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11. Which one of the following statements about soils is correct? (A) Soils are accumulations of noth- ing but organic matter. (B) Soil horizons result from the deposition of layers of clastic sediment. (C) Soils typically form in place from the weathering of the underlying rock. (D) Climate has no affect on soil properties. 12. According to the rock cycle, which one of the following transformations is not possible? (A) A metamorphic rock melts and solidifies to form another metamorphic rock. (B) An igneous rock is me- chanically weathered to form a sedimentary rock. (C) A sedimentary rock is chemically weathered and the resulting ions precipitate to form another sedimentary rock. (D) A sedimentary rock is transformed at high temperature and pressure in the solid state to form a metamorphic rock. 13. Which one of the following choices correctly describes a type of chemical bond? (A) Ionic bonds are present in the mineral halite (NaCI). (B) Ionic bonds form by the sharing of electrons between at- oms, as in oxygen gas (O2). (C) Covalent bonds are typically very weak bonds. (D) Covalent bonds form from the attraction between oppositely charged ions. 14. A mafic magma can be produced by: (A) melting basalt; (B) permitting olivine and augite to crys- tallize from magma, and then draining off the remaining liquid which is more mafic; (C) melting granite. (D) Both answers B and C (but not A) are ways to produce a mafic magmaExplanation / Answer
11. C.soilds typically form in a place from the weathering of the underlying rocks. When the rock is weathered the particles are loose and transported and deposited as soil.
12. A. A metamorphic rock melts and solodifies to form another metamorphic rock. This is flasw because the metamorphic rock melts and forms an igneous rock.
13. A. Ionic bonds are present in the mineral halite. This is because the sodium Na is positive and Cl is negative
14. D. Both answers B and C but not A are always to produce a mafic magma
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