The water pumped from the aquifer is used to irrigate the crop by applying the w
ID: 115606 • Letter: T
Question
The water pumped from the aquifer is used to irrigate the crop by applying the water at an even rate, I, over the entire farm area. The farmer irrigates over a 10-hour period during the night to avoid losses to direct evaporation and he carefully chooses an infiltration rate such that no runoff is produced. Assume the soil is a sandy loam and the initial saturation is 5%. 1) Compute the irrigation rate, I. Use the Philip solution assuming ponded conditions at all times. What is the total infiltration volume? One night, a valve on the irrigation system malfunctions while the farmer is sleeping and the irrigation rate increases 20% (ie, now 12 = 121 ). 2) Plot the infiltration rate, i(), and the new irrigation rate, /2, as a function of time for: a. The Philip solution assuming ponded conditions at all times. b. The Philip solution with time compression to account for the flux boundary condition. On each plot, mark the areas corresponding to infiltration volume and runoff volume and the ponding time. 3) Compute the total infiltration volume and runoff volume for 2a and 2b. a. The Philip solution b. The Philip solution with time compression approximationExplanation / Answer
ANSWER:
An aquifer is an underground layer of water-bearing permeable rock, rock fractures or unconsolidated materials (gravel, sand, or silt) from which groundwater can be extracted using a water well. The study of water flow inaquifers and the characterization of aquifers is called hydrogeology.
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