#1) The Earth’s surface is not smooth. Identify on the map the highest highs and

Question

#1) The Earth’s surface is not smooth. Identify on the map the highest highs and the lowest lows. What geologic processes do you think causes these features?

#2) Which portions of the map contain the youngest and the oldest crust? Explain your answer

#3) How does the theory of plate tectonics explain the location of earthquakes and volcanoes? Where do most earthquakes and volcanoes occur?

#4) Identify examples on the map where earthquakes and volcanoes occur in the interiors of plates. What might cause these earthquakes and volcanoes in the plate interiors?

Explanation / Answer

1. The surface of the Earth is not smooth.

In the map the given color index helps us to point the highest highs(the mountains) and the lowest lows(the trenches).

The geologic features creating them are the movement of the plates that leads to convergence at many places. When two continental plates collide, mountains are formed and when two ocean plates collide, trenches are formed.

2.The youngest crust is formed near the mid oceanic ridges where plates separate from each other and magma errupts to form the new crust. And the farther we go from the mid oceanic ridge, the older the crust is.

3. According to the theory of plate tectonics, earthquakes and volcanoes occur mainly at the plate boundaries where collision and subduction takes place. As the denser plate subducts and the overriding plate gets thrusted above the subducted plate, shearing occurs and causes hazardous earthquakes. And the melt of the downgoing slab produces magma that rises to feed the volcanoes.

4.Hotspots are places on the Earth where plumes of hot material upwell from deep in the mantle. As a plate moves over the hotspot, new volcanic seamounts form and are carried away from the hotspot by plate motion. Hotspots are the interior places of the plates where volcanism occurs.

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