Weather Variability and Climate Change 7. (a) Look at the temperatures from 1990
ID: 116431 • Letter: W
Question
Weather Variability and Climate Change 7. (a) Look at the temperatures from 1990 to 1992. Describe any possible effect of 1991 eruption of Mount Pinatubo on the temperature record of these cities. the (b) B ased on your observations in question 7a, how important were volcanic enu in the overall temperature patterns of these cities over the last century? 8. (a) What cyclical factor helps explain the cool period in Nome between about 1945 and 1975? What cyclical factor helps explain the warm period between about 1975 and 2005? (b) Tucson's population grew from about 7500 in the year 1900 to about 520,000 by 2015 (with about 1,000,000 in the surrounding county), and so a portion of the observed tem- perature increase here may be due to the urban heat island effect. Using your answer in question 2 as a starting point, use the EPA's upper-end estimate of the UHI effect (5.4°F) to calculate the approximate amount of temperature increase that probably cannot be explained by urbanization. (Note: This answer is based on simplistic assumptions.) 9. The following questions are based on Figure 8, charts showing annual precipitation in Tucson, Arizona, and Bozeman, Montana, from 1905 to 2015. Using the best-fit line for reference, what generally happened to annual precipitation in these cities over the last century? 10. Tucson: Bozeman: 11. (a) Which city exhibits the greatest precipitation variability? (b) Why? Using the 5-year moving average lines for reference, did all of the major wet and dry periods of the last century occur at the same time in Bozeman and Tucson? 12. Which city shows a greater increase in precipitation during the 1982-83 El Niño event? 13. (a) (b) Why might this be the case?Explanation / Answer
7)
a) from the year 1990 to 1992 the observation can be derived a truth that in the cities tuscan and bozeman the temperature ratio is increasing where in nome there is no notable observation in the temperature.
b) accordiing to the observations from the temperature observation due to the volcanic irruption and and the volcanic ash adding in the ionosphere of the atmosphere, the average temperature is tent to be increased.
8
a) The positive phase of the PDO.
b) The negative phase of the PDO
9
more information needed for this to answer
10
Tucson- decreases,
Bozeman -increases
11
tuscon and bozeman
because Wet climates have more precipitation variability, Dry climates have more precipitation variability
12
bozeman- yes
tuscon- no
13
a) tuscon and bozeman
b) eing farther from the ocean makes it more likely that Bozeman would get more humid air from the Pacific than in the Southwestern US.The southwestern U.S. tends to have a greater increase in precipitation during an El Niño event than the north-central U.S. (same as the Imperial Valley!)
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