QUESTION 1(quizEC) Seafloor spreading is driven by volcanic activity ________. i

Question

QUESTION 1(quizEC)

Seafloor spreading is driven by volcanic activity ________.

in the middle of abyssal plains

at the edges of continental shelves

along mid-ocean ridges

along fracture zones

1 points   

QUESTION 2

Wegener's proposal that the continents had once fit together as a single supercontinent was rejected by geologists at the time because ________.

Wegener could not provide a driving force

the continents did not fit together tightly enough

the fossil evidence was inconclusive

the distribution of climatic belts did not make sense in that configuration

1 points   

QUESTION 3

Evidence that glaciers once covered an area might include ________.

till and striations

till and grabens

backwash and striations

backwash and grabens

1 points   

QUESTION 4

If you were using both a compass and a map marked with latitude and longitude to navigate, you might note the angle difference between your compass and what is marked on the map, called ________.

magnetic inclination

magnetic dipole

magnetic declination

magnetic reversal

1 points   

QUESTION 5

With increasing distance from a mid-ocean ridge, the age of oceanic crust ________.

increases

stays constant

decreases

varies randomly

1 points   

QUESTION 6

By deep-sea drilling, the Glomar Challenger proved the theory that if the model of seafloor spreading was correct, then seafloor sediment should be ________ and ________ as one moves away from the spreading axis.

thicker; younger

thinner; younger

thicker; older

thinner; older

1 points   

QUESTION 7

Within the sea floor, the rate of geothermal heat flow is greatest ________.

along mid-ocean ridges

at the edges of ocean basins

along fracture zones

in the center of abyssal plains

1 points   

QUESTION 8

Earth's magnetic reversals are likely due to ________.

meteorite impacts

lightning strikes

tectonic plates shifting

changes in circulation patterns in the inner core

1 points   

QUESTION 9

Evidence of paleomagnetism can be found in ________.

basalt that has cooled from lava

any rock with magnetic minerals present

sedimentary rocks where minerals form from ion-bearing groundwater

All of the above are correct.

1 points   

QUESTION 10

Which of the following concepts was developed earliest?

continental drift

plate tectonics

seafloor spreading

All three concepts were developed at about the same time.

1 points   

QUESTION 11

Wegener's evidence for a united Pangaea comes from the fossil record of which type of organisms?

plant pollen

marine animals

plankton

land animals

1 points   

QUESTION 12

The discovery that each continent had different and separate polar-wander paths proved that ________.

only the continents move

only the poles move

both the poles and continents move, but independently of each other

both the poles and continents move, and do so together

1 points   

QUESTION 13

Which of these is NOT the result of plate tectonics?

earthquake distribution

formation of new oceans

mountain building

convection in the outer core

1 points   

QUESTION 14

When was the theory of plate tectonics developed?

1860s

1920s

1940s

1960s

1 points   

QUESTION 15

How old are the oldest rocks on the ocean floor?

about 20 million years old

about 200 million years old

about 600 million years old

about 4.0 billion years old

1 points   

QUESTION 16

Wegener's proposal that the continents had once fit together as a single supercontinent was rejected by geologists at the time because ________.

Wegener could not provide a driving force

the continents did not fit together tightly enough

the fossil evidence was inconclusive

the distribution of climatic belts did not make sense in that configuration

1 points   

QUESTION 17

Between 250 ma and 200 ma ago, Earth had one supercontinent called __________.

Gondwanaland

Pangaea

Laurasia

Gaia

1 points   

QUESTION 18

Wegener's evidence for a united Pangaea comes from the fossil record of which type of organisms?

plant pollen

marine animals

plankton

land animals

1 points   

QUESTION 19

Earth's magnetic poles move constantly. About how far from the geographic poles do the magnetic poles move?

They move as far south as the equator.

They move as far south as the tropics.

They remain in the high latitudes.

They remain less than a kilometer from the geographic poles.

1 points   

QUESTION 20

Which mineral is integral to paleomagnestim?

magnetite

quartz

iron

potassium feldspar

1 points   

QUESTION 21

Regions of the sea floor with positive magnetic anomalies were formed during times when Earth's magnetic field ________.

was exceptionally strong

had normal polarity

was exceptionally weak

had reversed polarity

1 points   

QUESTION 22

Evidence that the South American and African continents were once joined includes evidence from their coastlines such as ________.

shared anthropological evidence

symmetrical earthquake patterns

identical mineral properties

matching fossil distributions

1 points   

QUESTION 23

Marine magnetic anomalies result from seafloor spreading in conjunction with ________.

global warming

magnetic storms on the surface of the Sun

magnetic polarity reversals

apparent wander of the magnetic poles

1 points   

QUESTION 24

If a geologist discovered coal in a modern-day cold, snowy location, he or she could conclude that ________.

a meteorite must have struck the area

the area was once covered with swamps and/or jungles

the area was once covered with an ocean

this discovery was anomalous

1 points   

QUESTION 25

A great boost in seafloor exploration and a greater understanding of seafloor bathymetry was a result of ________.

scientific advances in the 1950s

military needs in World War I

scientific advances in the 1920s

military needs in World War II

1 points   

QUESTION 26

Limestone reefs and salt deposits are important rocks in the reconstruction of Earth history because they ________.

can be used to infer the ancient climate of the Earth; they are deposited in environments that are restricted to warm climate

automatically provide age information; all such deposits occurred between 200 and 400 million years ago

are deposited in warm climates today, but there is good reason to think that they were deposited in cold climates millions of years ago

pinpoint the locations of old subduction zones

1 points   

QUESTION 27

Wegener proposed continental drift after he observed evidence from fossils, glacial deposits, and the fit of the continents that suggested all of the continents were once ________.

aligned north to south along the prime meridian

aligned east to west along the equator

combined to form a supercontinent he termed Rodinia

combined to form a supercontinent he termed Pangaea

1 points   

QUESTION 28

Beneath a blanket of sediments, oceanic crust is primarily composed of ________.

granite

limestone

basalt

coal

1 points   

QUESTION 29

The thickness of clay and planktonic microskeletons is greatest ________.

along mid-ocean ridges

at the edges of ocean basins

along fracture zones

in the center of abyssal plains

1 points   

QUESTION 30

Late Paleozoic glacial deposits are NOT found in which of the following places?

India

North America

southern Africa

South America

in the middle of abyssal plains

at the edges of continental shelves

along mid-ocean ridges

along fracture zones

Explanation / Answer

1. Seafloor spreading is driven by volcanic activity along mid ocean ridges

2. Wegener's proposal that the continents had once fit together as a single supercontinent was rejected by geologists at the time because he could not provide a driving force.

3. Evidence that glaciers once covered an area might include till and striations.

4. If you were using both a compass and a map marked with latitude and longitude to navigate, you might note the angle difference between your compass and what is marked on the map, called magnetic declination.

5. With increasing distance from a mid-ocean ridge, the age of oceanic crust increases.

6. By deep-sea drilling, the Glomar Challenger proved the theory that if the model of seafloor spreading was correct, then seafloor sediment should be ____thicker____ and ____older____ as one moves away from the spreading axis.

7. Within the sea floor, the rate of geothermal heat flow is greatest along mid ocean ridges.

8. Earth's magnetic reversals are likely due to changes in circular pattern in outer core.

9. Evidence of paleomagnetism can be found in all are correct.

10. Which of the following concepts was developed earliest? Continental drift

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