Astronomy 1. The heavier elements in our bodies (such as carbon and iron) were a

Question

Astronomy

1. The heavier elements in our bodies (such as carbon and iron) were

      a) formed in the interior of heavy stars

      d) created from protons formed in the first minute of the universe

      c) emitted as debris from a supernova explosion

      d) all of the above

2. In the process whereby the sun produces energy

     a) uranium is being split into lighter elements

     b) hydrogen is being combined into heavier elements

     c) carbon is being burned

     d) none of the above

3. A star whose mass is 20 times that of the Sun will

     a) probably become a supernova

     b) live less than 50 million years

     c) have a luminosity more than 50 times that of the Sun

     d) all of the above

4. What is the main composition of our Universe?

     a) the material in stars

     b) the material in neutron stars and white dwarves

     c) Hydrogen gas

     d) dark matter and dark energy

5. Large stellar systems with billions of stars are called by astronomers,

     a) bursters

     b) pulsars

     c) black holes

     d) galaxies

6. Helium burning occurs in the cores of

     a) protostars

     b) main sequence stars

     c) giants

     d) white dwarves

7. The Milky Way galaxy is most accurately described as

     a) spherical in shape

     b) spiral in shape

     c) irregular in shape

8. The expansion of the universe was first observed by

     a) detecting the 3 degree blackbody radiation

     b) Hubble's observations concerning the red shifts of galaxies versus their distance from us

     c) detecting supernovas

     d) by looking at white dwarfs

9. The four forces in nature are:

     a) gravity, heat, nuclear, and electricity

     b) gravity, electromagnetism, strong nuclear, and weak nuclear

     c) gravity, electricity, magnetism, nuclear

     d) gravity, chemical, mechanical, electrical

10. The most abundant element in the Universe is

         a) hydrogen

         b) helium

         c) carbon

         d) iron

11. Light is directly produced by

      a) electric charges

      b) gravity

      c) a telescope

      d) radio waves

12. The further a planet is away from the Sun

     a) the faster it is moving about the Sun

     b) the bigger it is

     c) the slower it is moving about the Sun

     d) the older it is

13. The microwave radiation which permeates the Universe today was produced when

      a) the first atoms were formed

      b) the first protons were formed

      c) the first stars were formed

      d) the first galaxies were formed

14. The discoverer of the moons of Jupiter was

     a) Galileo

     b) Newton

     c) Kepler

     d) Copernicus

15. The Doppler effect causes light emitted from a body moving away

     from the observer to be

         a) unchanged

         b) shifted to lower frequencies (red shift)

         c) shifted to higher frequencies (blue shift)

         d) shifted to lower wavelengths (yellow shift)

16. One can measure the distance to a star that is 20 light years away by

     a) measuring its Doppler shift

     b) measuring its geocentric parallax

     c) measuring its heliocentric parallax

     d) none of the above

17. The early universe (before 1 second) can be characterized as being

     a) very hot

     b) like the core of our Sun

     c) filled with hydrogen atoms

     d) all of the above

18. Polaris, the North Star, is visible at some time from

     a) the North Pole

     b) DeKalb

     c) a point on the equator

     d) all of the above

19. What stars would probably be unsuitable for development of intelligent life?

     a) binary stars

     b) massive, very bright stars (like types O and A)

     c) white dwarves

     d) all of the above

20. The Universe is thought to be about

    a) 15,000,000 years old

     b) 1,500,000,000 years old

     c) 13,000,000,000 years old

     d) 15,000,000,000,000 years old

Explanation / Answer

1. All of the above. The elements such as carbon and iron were formed on the interior of the star due to fusion of helium atoms. And during supernova explosion all these elements were expelled out from the star.

2. hydrogen is being combined into heavier elements. Hydrogen atoms are fused to form helium atoms. This nuclear reaction produces very large amounts of energy.

3. all of the above. With larger size it will have more luminosity and will its core will get more denser and thus will probably become a supernova.

4. dark matter and dark energy. - Dark energy is a mysterious form of energy which is spread out uniformly throughout space (and time) and which has anti-gravitational properties. Dark matter is the Matter not visible to us because it emits no radiation that we can observe, but it is detectable gravitationally.

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