In what type of cells do you expect to find a particularly high level of rough E
ID: 12467 • Letter: I
Question
In what type of cells do you expect to find a particularly high level of rough ER?A) pancreas cells (make insulin)
B) skin cells (make Vitamin D)
C) testes (make testosterone)
D) fat cells (make protein hormone leptin)
E) A and D
Of the following, which best describes the sequence of steps for the synthesis and export of proteins by components of the endomembrane system?
A) Golgi ? lysosome ? ER ? vesicles ? plasma membrane
B) rough ER ? plasma membrane ? nuclear envelope ? smooth ER
C) nuclear envelope ? lysosome ? Golgi ? plasma membrane
D) rough ER ? vesicles ? Golgi ? vesicles ? plasma membrane
E) rough ER ? vesicles ? Golgi ? vesicles ? lysosome
Predict which of the following should be able to pass through the pores of the nuclear envelope (the membrane around the eukaryotic nucleus):
A) RNA
B) gene regulatory factors
C) some viruses
D) only A and B
E) A, B, and C
Explanation / Answer
For the first question: Rough ER synthesize proteins and smooth ER synthesize lipids, metabolize drugs, steroids, and carbohydrates, regulate calcium. In pancreatic cells the rough ER produces insulin! Knowing this we can eliminate B and C and get D) A and D as the answer. Question #2: "Vesicles sent off by the ER containing proteins are further altered at the golgi apparatus and then prepared for secretion from the cell or transport to other parts of the cell." This sentence tells us that the ER gets proteins, uses vesicles to bring to the golgi, then the golgi uses vesicles to bring it somewhere else to exit. This gives us the answer D! The plasma membrane is what allows cells to leave. Question #3: The nuclear pores are highly efficient at selectively allowing the passage of materials to and from the nucleus, because the nuclear envelope has a considerable amount of traffic. RNA and ribosomal subunits must be continually transferred from the nucleus to the cytoplasm. Histones, gene regulatory proteins, DNA and RNA polymerases, and other substances essential for nuclear activities must be imported from the cytoplasm. To viruses, the envelope is seen as a permanent barrier. So the answer is D!
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