QUESTION 15 Which of the following is the most accurate statement about protecti

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QUESTION 15 Which of the following is the most accurate statement about protections of research subjects in the United States? Research subjects in the United States have been protected based upon international law and the Nuremberg code since the middle of the 20th century Unlike many other countries, the USA has not experienced a large-scale violation of the rights of research subjects Protection of the rights of research subjects in the USA is guided by the principles of the Belmont Report. Research subjects can be assured and guaranteed that treatments offered to them are safe. QUESTION 16 Very many people believe that illnesses are caused by supernatural forces beyond human control True O False QUESTION 17 According to most international reports, the USA has the best health outcomes when compared to other developed countries because it spends more on health care than many other countries combined True O False QUESTION 18 Which of the following is not a model of behavioral change? Diffusions of Innovations model OEnvironmental Model Stages of Change Model Health Belief Model All of the above QUESTION 19 This is an essay type question. What is the difference between the epidemiologic transition and demographic transition? For the toolbar, press ALT+F10 (PC) or ALT+FN+F10 (Mac). T T | Paragraph Arial HTHL CSS The epidemiological transition theory proposed by Omran in 1971 characterizes the historical development of mortality over time in phases of the age of pestilence and famine, the age of receding pandemics, and the age of degenerative and man-made diseases. Demographic transition, characterized by a decline first in death rates and then in birth rates, occurred over 100 years in the "Western" model, but happened much more quickly in countries such as Japan (the "accelerated" model). The "delayed or "contemporary" model is seen in third world countries, where the transition is not complete. The concept of the "Western" model is ill defined and cannot be used without ambiguity because the beginning and end of the epidemiologic transition has not been located in time or clearly defined by Omran. The question remains whether the beginning and end of the epidemiologic transition should be based on trends in all cause mortality or on changes in cause of death natterns Path: p Words 156

Explanation / Answer

As per the Chegg policy, a minimum of 4 answers should be provided at a stretch. In consideration of this, I have provided answers to a few questions only:

Question 16: Very many people believe that illnesses are caused by supernatural forces beyond human control.

The answer is true.

Explanation:

In many cultures like Malays, Hispanics’, Haitians, etc., it is believed that supernatural forces are the major cause of diseases and illnesses, especially mental illnesses. As a result, this view not only affects their perception of the disease but also their acceptability to treatment.

Question 17: According to most international reports, the USA has the best health outcome compared to other developed countries, because it spends more on the healthcare than many other countries combined.

The answer is false.

Explanation:

Recent literature review states that:

In the US, healthcare is the most expensive component in the world and as a result, many people suffer from various diseases due to unaffordability and inaccessibility to care.

In healthcare systems, the United States underperforms and stands at the last compared to other countries like Canada, Australia, New Zealand, France, Germany, the Netherlands, Switzerland, Norway, Sweden, and the United Kingdom.

Question 18: Which of the following is not a model of behaviour change:

Answer: Environmental model

Explanation: Some of the theories of behaviour change are: social cognitive theory, the theory of planned behaviour, transtheoretical model (stages of change), diffusion of innovation theory, the health belief model, etc.

Question 20: Obesity is one of the most significant risk factors for type ii diabetes:

The answer is true.

One of the most important contributors of type 2 DM is overweight or being obese (BMI of 30 or more). Recent research suggests that obesity makes a risk of 80-85% for DM. and obese people are 80 times more prone to get type 2 DM. This is due to the fact that obesity favours insulin resistance.

Question 21:

The linkage between health behaviour and culture can only be found in developing countries.

The answer is false.

All over the world, even in the low-income groups, there is a strong association between culture (a set of values, morals, and attitudes towards health and illness) and healthy behaviour.

For example, Haitian immigrants to the US, are also exhibiting their culture towards health and illness and as a result, they all impact their treatment.

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