1) If we can see galaxies 10 billion light-years distant, how do we know that we

Question

1) If we can see galaxies 10 billion light-years distant, how do we know that we are not in a Universe with a circumference less than 5 billion light-years?

a) we would see blackholes
b) the photons would not have reached us yet
c) the Universe could not be expanding
d) we would see our own Galaxy (i.e. the back of our head)
e) all of the above

2) The 2D shadow of a 3D cube is

a) a point
b) a line
c) a square
d) a Moebius Strip
e) none of the above

3) The 3D version of a Moebius Strip is

a) a cube
b) a hypercube
c) a Klien Bottle
d) a torus
e) a plane

4) The velocity of expansion is given by Hubble's constant, which is not really a constant as it changes with time. For an open and closed Universe, how does Hubble's constant change with time?

a) H increases in an open Universe and decreases in a closed Universe
b) H decreases in an open Universe and decreases in a closed Universe
c) H increases in an open Universe and increases in a closed Universe
d) H decreases in an open Universe and increases in a closed Universe
e) H remains unchanged in an open and a closed Universe

5) At any given moment in time, Hubble's constant is highest in

a) an open Universe
b) a closed Universe
c) a flat Universe
d) same in all Universes
e) cannot to determine from information given

6) In a flat Universe (k=0), the expansion rate (H) is determined solely by

a) the scale factor
b) the mean density
c) the curvature
d) the gravitational constant
e) all of the above

7) Based on measurements of the mean density of the Universe, we determine that it is

a) open
b) flat
c) closed
d) inverted
e) collapsing

Explanation / Answer

1.)d

2.)c

3.)c

4.)a

5.)a

6.)e

7.)c

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