2a. Probes 1 and 2 represent DNA from the same organism. From which organism wer

Question

2a. Probes 1 and 2 represent DNA from the same organism. From which organism were the probes most probably derived? Justify your answer.

ANSWER = Humans. Probe hybridizes at a higher stringency than with chimpanzee DNA

2b. BamHI cuts how many times within the region of the human genome spanned by probe 1?

ANSWER = 0

2c. BamHI cuts how many times within the region of the chimpanzee genome spanned by probe 1?

ANSWER = 1

PLEASE EXPLAIN HOW TO GET THESE ANSWERS! THANK YOU

2. Southern hybridizations were performed on Bam Hl digested genomic DNA from either humans or chimpanzees. The hybridizations were performed with increasing concentrations of formamide (lanes 1-6) and two DNA probes derived from a given gene. 1 2 3 4 5 6 1 2 3 4 5 6 Probe 1 2 3 4 5 6 1 23 4 5 6 Probe 2 Human genomic DNA Chimpanzee genomic

Explanation / Answer

The binding of a probe to its target sequence depends upon two factors.

i. Sequence complementarity

ii. Hybridization temperature

Greater the sequence similarity, higher is the binding.

A given probe binds to its target sequence only when the hybridization temperature is below its melting temperature (Tm)

In the given case, the binding is greater in human samples. So, the probe must be originated from the human sequence.

If a linear DNA molecule contains 'n' sites for a restriction enzyme, it will produce 'n+1' fragments upon digestion.

For human sequence, Number of bands = 1; Number of recognition sites = 0

For Chimpanzee sequence, Number of bands = 2; Number of recognition sites = 1

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