23) Complications following recovery from acute infections by B-streptococci may
ID: 132601 • Letter: 2
Question
23) Complications following recovery from acute infections by B-streptococci may include: Erysipelas b) Rheumatic fever d) Only B and C above e All of the above The virulence of the pneumococcus appears to be solely dependent on: aLeukocidins b) Hyaluronidase c) Capsule d) Hemolysins e None of the above 24) The organism responsible for most cases of acute bacierial meningitis in the adult is: a Haemophilus influenzae b) Diplococcus pneumoniae c Neisseria catarhalis d) Neisseria meningitidis eNone of the above 25) 26) The source of most meningococcal inections is: a) Healthy carrier b) Direct contact with an acute infection d) Insect vectors None of the above 27) Local inflammation and fever in whooping cough may be due to the release of )Exotoxins b) Endotoxins c Extracellular enzymes d) Only A and B above None of the aboye 28) The severity of diphtheria is due to: aAction of exotoxin b) Action of endotoxins c) Infection following tracheotomy d) All of the above None of the aboveExplanation / Answer
23) Group B streptococci can cause wide range of illnesses. It is usually harmless to adults but can be dangerous in newborns and elderly, as well as adults with chronic conditions like cancer, liver disease, or diabetes.
Erysipelas is an acute skin infection caused Group A streptococci on scratches or infected areas. It does not arise as a complication of recovery from acute infections of B-streptococci.
Hence, option (a) is incorrect.
Rheumatic fever is a complication of strep throat developed as a result of inadequate treatment of strep throat. Glomerulonephritis is group of kidney diseases, typically caused by an inflammation response.
Patients who have recovered from acute infections of B-streptococci may develop immune-mediated sequelae (a consequence of previous disease) like rheumatic fever and acute glomerulonephritis.
Hence, B and C options are right.
Therefore, the correct answer is option (d).
24) Leukocidins are cytotoxins that destroy leukocytes. They are produced by certain strains of staphylococci and streptococci. It is not the virulence factor of the pneumococcus.
Hence, option (a) is incorrect.
Hyaluronidase are enzymes that catalyze the breaking down of connective tissue component hyalouronic acid. It is not the virulence factor of the pneumococcus.
Hence, option (b) is incorrect.
Hemolysins are lipids or proteins that causes lysis of red blood cells. It is not the virulence factor of the pneumococcus.
Hence, option (d) is incorrect.
Capsule is an outer structure of many bacterial cells. They are outer coverings made up of polysaccharides and lies outside the cell wall. They enhance the ability of bacteria to cause a disease, hence they are considered to be the virulence factors.
Pneumococci are equipped with polysaccharide capsules which prevents them from getting phagocytized.
Thus, the virulence of the pneumococcus appears to be solely dependent on capsule.
Therefore, the correct answer is option (c).
25) Bacterial meningitis is a common type of meningitis which is characterized by inflammation of meninges.
Haemophilus influenzae usually cause meningitis in infants and young children. It does not usually occur in adults except in conditions of head trauma or impaired immunity. Hence, its occurrence is not common.
Hence, option (a) is incorrect.
Diplococcus pneumoniae are Gram positive bacterium causing pneumonia. It does not cause acute bacterial meningitis in adults.
Hence, option (b) is incorrect.
Neisseria catarrhalis is a pathogen causing respiratory tract infections. It does not cause acute bacterial meningitis in adults.
Hence, option (c) is incorrect.
Neisseria meningitidis is a Gram-negative bacterium that is the main causative agent of meningitis in children and young adults. Peak incidence occurs in infants and adolescents, and sporadic cases are seen in adults older than 18 years of age. Hence, we cannot say most cases of acute bacterial meningitis in the adult is due to these bacteria.
Hence, option (d) is incorrect.
Streptococcus species are considered to be the most common causative organism of adult meningitis.
Therefore, the correct answer is ‘None of the above’, Option (e).
Related Questions
drjack9650@gmail.com
Navigate
Integrity-first tutoring: explanations and feedback only — we do not complete graded work. Learn more.