28. In vitro, at a uniform tubulin concentration, the ends of MTs grow faster th
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28. In vitro, at a uniform tubulin concentration, the ends of MTs grow faster than their Muauy ends. 29. The treadmilling of MTs is observed when the tubulin concentration is than the CC for the minus ends, but hu than the CC for the plus ends. 30. In vivo, the of MTs is caused by the alternation of growth and shrinkage phases at the plus ends 31. During Dynamic instability (D), the shrinkage is initiated when C0g bound tubulin subunits (dimers) are exposed at the plus ends of MTs. 32. During the growth phase of DI, the plus ends are protected from disassembly by a 33. Within the cell, MTs grow from a structure called nca gmiang uan 34. In the MTOC, new MTs are nucleated by rings of 35. MTs are anchored to the MTOC via their d 36. An actin monomer is called actin, the filament is calledactin. 37. Each F-actin filament is a helix made of tlinear strands of G-actin polymer 38. A growing F-actin filament has inherent plus/minus polarity, with the plus end predominantly made of cap. ends -bound actin subunits. ondy 39. In stress fiber, actin filaments are Cotlysch 40. In lamellipodia, actin filaments are 41. In filopodia, actin filaments are hi du 42. Intermediate filaments (IFs) called vimentin are mainly found in onney 43. The second step of IF's assembly is an) chigT 44. IFs protofilaments are formed by w tissues lateral alignment of two dimers to erod binding of tetramers.Explanation / Answer
30. In vivo, the Dynamic instability of MTs is caused by the alternation of growth and shrinkage phases at the plus ends.
(In microtubules, GTP hydrolysis results in the behaviour known as dynamic instability, in which individual microtubules alternate between cycles of growth and shrinkage. Whether a microtubule grows or shrinks is determined by the rate of tubulin addition relative to the rate of GTP hydrolysis.)
38. A growing F- actin filament has inherent plus/minus polarity with the plus end predominantly made of An ATP cap bound actin subunits.
(An ATP cap is present at the plus end of actin filaments. Here the ATP-actin does not dissociate readily, the conversion of ATP to ADP reduces binding affinity of the subunit for neighbouring subunits which leads to falling off of actin molecule. This dynamic process is called TREADMILLING, actin molecules bound to ADP are continually lost from the minus end and are replaced by the addition of actin molecules bound to ATP at the plus end of the same.)
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