Turn on the laser attached to the refraction tank, start with the light beam poi

Question

Turn on the laser attached to the refraction tank, start with the light beam pointing straight up. The beam in the water is said to be the incident beam. The beam in air is the refracted beam. The beam is said to be normal when it is perpendicular to the air and water boundary, Slowly rotate the beam outward and observe the difference in angles at this boundary. When a light ray encounters a boundary between two materials it experiences a change in direction due to difference in material's indexes of refraction, typically denoted as n_1 and n_2. The particular physics of this is beyond scope of this lab, however the empirical results are neatly summarized by Snell's Law:

Explanation / Answer

1.1
No
Angle of incidence is measure with the normal. If the beam is normal to the boundary, Angle of incidence = 0 and thus there won't be any change in the beam of light.
1.2
When light passes from a more dense to a less dense substance, as in our case from water to air, the light is refracted (or bent) away from the normal.

Refracted beam bends more than the reflected beam.

1.3
If the angle of incidence for the light ray is greater than the so-called "critical angle", Then Total Internal Reflection occurs.
Critical Angle is given by, sin(crit) = nr/ni
For the water-air boundary, the critical angle is 48.6-degrees

1.4
If angle of incidence is larger than Critical angle, no light would be transmitted as Total internal reflection would happen.
Light will only be transmitted into air if incidence angle < Critical angle.

Please post seperate question in seperate post.

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