Using the data of the study described below, on the study of DTaP and occurrence

Question

Using the data of the study described below, on the study of DTaP and occurrence of pertussis in a school, calculate an appropriate measure of comparison (i.e., also called measure of effect or measure of association) between those not fully vaccinated (ie., exposed) and those fully vaccinated (i.e., unexposed) "During an outbreak of pertussis that occurred in a high school, epidemiologists conducted an investigation, which collected complete data on vaccination status of 208 students, 35 of whom fulfilled a pertussis case definition at some point in the last three months and until the transmission stopped. The three months were chosen because the first reported case occurred three months before the investigation. The table below shows the results of the investigation according to DTaP vaccination status. DTaP Vaccination Status Fully vaccinated* Received

Explanation / Answer

Risk of pertussis among the vaccinated children: 27/195 = 0.138

Risk of pertussis among unvaccinated children: 8/13 = 0.615

Risk ratio= 0.138/0.615 = 0.224

The risk ratio is less than 1.0, inducating a decreased risk or protective effect for the exposed children. The risk ratio of 0.224 indicates that vaccinated children were only approximately one-fourth as likely to develop pertussis as were vaccinated children.

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