In a MHD generator (Google the details), the magnetic field is B. the speed of t

Question

In a MHD generator (Google the details), the magnetic field is B. the speed of the plasma is v for each charged particle. The distance between the two electrodes is d. 1. draw a side view sketch show how the charged particles move when plasma first turned on. Note: Plasma is loosely described as an electrically neutral medium of unbound positive and negative particles (i.e. the overall charge of a plasma is roughly zero) 2. what is the max voltage that this generator can output? 3. how many methods can double the output voltage? 4. could you use electric field to accelerate plasma? Why? 5, if the generator output current is 1A, how many charged particles are collected per second?

Explanation / Answer

Let the charge on the charged particle in the plasma be 'q' and the voltage produced be 'V'

Conserving energy:

q . V = q. (v x B)

or, V = v x B

The maximum voltage that the generator can output ( i.e 100% conversion of energy) = v x B

The voltage output maybe double by doubling either the velocity of the charged particles inside the plasma or doubling the magnetic field.

As the plasma contains charged particles, an electric field can be used to accelerate the charged particles of the plasma.

Current = charge/time

or,charge = 1 A x 1s = 1 coulomb

Let the charge on the particles be + or - 1.6 x 10-19 coulomb

Therefore number of particels collected per second = 1/1.6 x 10-19 = 6.25 x 1018

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