WELLNESS WORKSHEET Facts About the Body\'s Defenues Against Infection List and d
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WELLNESS WORKSHEET Facts About the Body's Defenues Against Infection List and dencribe theee of the boldly's phoywical or chemical bartiers againt nlection Where ave these imune defenders produced Describe each of the following types of cells and esplaia deir roile in the immane respotse Neutrophils Nanural killer Killer Telh.dn.. Sappressor T cells B cells Memory T and B cells 3 What are antibodies? What is their role in the immune response? (over) nsel/Roth Core Concepes in Health Brief Ninth Edition 2002 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Chapter 13Explanation / Answer
1. Three physical or chemical barriers of infection are
a) Skin
Skin is the largest organ of our body and act as a physical barrier to protect from
infections.
b) WBC (White blood cells)
WBC cells are part of the blood in the circulatory system which function as a chemical
barrier during the time of infection and kill all the micro organisms.
c) Mucous membarine
Mucous membarine act as a physical barrier and secretions and hair present in the
membarine protect body from infectious agents.
2.* General type of cells carry out the immune response are WBC( white blood cells) or Leucocytes.
* WBC produced by the haemopoetic stem cells in the bone marrow of the human body.
* Types of cells and their role in immune response
* Neutrophils
It is a granulocyte cell in the WBC help to protect the body from microorganism through
phagocytosis or ingestion of pathogens and releasing enzymes which kill micro organisms.
* Macrophages
Macrophages are giant immune cells developed from monocytes in the bone marrow and
protect the body from pathogens through eat them like neutrophils.
* Natural killer cells
Natural killer cells are cytotoxic cells and is a lymphocytic cell which kill pathogens through
releasing enzymes which kill the microorganisms.
* Helper T cells
* Helper T cells are lymphocytic cells which help to kill pathogens through activation of
B lymphocytes to produce antibodies and activate both macrophages and killler T cells
to kill microorganisms.
* Killer T cells
* Killer T cells are lymphocytic cells present in the body they activate during the presence of
antigen and release cytokines which are substances help to send signals to macrophages
and other immune cells to produce immune response against infection.
* Suppressor T cells
Suppressor T cells are type of lymphocytes which help to avoid over reaction of the immune
system through release of cytokines and binding of cell surface molecules like CTLA-4 on
suppressor T cell to CF80.
* B cell
B cells are a type of lymphocytes which produce antibodies help to kill pathogenic microorganisms
through antigen antibody reaction.
* Memory B and T cells
Memory B and T cells are produced by B and T lymphocytes which memorise the microorganism
which produce infection and make immediate action in future when the same infection occur.
3. Antibodies and their role in immune response
* Antibodies are Y shaped protiens or immunoglobulins produced by the lymphocytes which
combine with antigens in the body and make antigen antibody reaction to neutralise the antigen.
* Role of antibody in immune system are
* Eliminate chances of infection through destruct antigens produced by the
the mico organisms.
* Antibodies react with any foreign substance entering into the body to protect
health of the person.
* Most of the antibodies developed during infection remain in the blood for a
long time which is useful to reduce chances reoccurance of disease.
( eg: antibodies developed during chicken pox remain in the blood for
long time help to avoid reoccurance of disease.)
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