003 10.0 points What is the basic reason a real heat engine has an efficiency th

Question

003 10.0 points What is the basic reason a real heat engine has an efficiency that is much less than the Carnot efficiency? 1. Carnot engines operate between a hot and cold region that are as different in temperature as possible, whereas real engines do not operate across large temperature differences. 2. In a Carnot engine, all processes are completely irreversible, but in real engines, processes reverse precisely, as for example when the engine goes through a complete cycle. 3. Entropy increases for any real process, so that Q and T do not stay proportional. For a Carnot engine we imagine that the entropy change triangle S s O in each step, so that Q and T always change in proportion. 4. Real engines do not go through a complete cycle, but Carnot engines are imagined to carry out complete cycles. 5. In any real engine, the engine itself heats up so a lot of the heat is wasted, even when everything else is ideal.

Explanation / Answer

OPTION 3)

In Carnot engine we assumes that all the process are totally reversible and also Entropy will increase in any real process due to this only Q and T are not proportional to each other

While if we will see this in Carnot Engine then entropy will remain constant and the Q will always remains proportional to T

So real engines have less efficiency then carnot engine

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